approaches
- Created by: Carolinww
- Created on: 15-05-19 09:04
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- Approaches
- Behaviourist
- Association (Pavlov) or reinforcement(positive, negative and punishment)
- Over-simplistic: it ignores any influence of free will - nurture
- Association (Pavlov) or reinforcement(positive, negative and punishment)
- Biological
- 1. Genes - phenotype, genotype, twin studies 2. Evolutionary theory - Darwin, natural selection,
- Real life application (drug treatment) - can alter our biochemistry
- Social learning theory
- Observation and imitation of behaviour performed by models in the social environment
- Real life application Andsager et al. (2006) found that ‘identification with a character or example may increase the likelihood that audiences will model behaviour presented in an anti-alcohol message’. SLT can be used to provide a positive impact on promotional health campaigns, and indirectly help combat problem behaviours like alcoholism
- Ethical issues make it difficult to test SLT experimentally. exposing children to aggressive behaviour with the knowledge that they may reproduce it in their own behaviour raises ethical issues concerning the need to protect participants from psychological and physical harm. experimental studies such as the Bobo doll studies would no longer be allowed to take place. difficult to test experimental hypotheses about the social learning of aggressive behaviour difficult to establish the scientific credibility of the theory
- Modelling, identification,mediational processes - attention, retention, reproduction, motivation, vicarious reinforcement
- Observation and imitation of behaviour performed by models in the social environment
- Cognitive
- 1. Theoretical model - input, store, output 2. Computer model - central processing unit, coding, store 3. schemas
- Internal mental processes - thinking, memory, inference
- Reductionist - compares human to computers, no individual differences (genetic + environment)
- Real life application (memory) - Loftus and palmer
- Lab studies highly controlled - cause and effect can be established however may lack ecological validity
- Real life application (memory) - Loftus and palmer
- Behaviourist
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