AO1: Romanian Orphan Studies
- Created by: theninjaemu
- Created on: 23-03-17 14:28
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- AO1: Romanian Orphan Studies
- Effects of Institutionalisation
- Disinhibited attachment
- The child is equally friendly and affectionate towards people they know well and who are strangers
- This may be an adaptation to multiple caregivers
- Damage to intellectual development
- Display of signs of mental retardation
- The effect is not as pronounced if adopted before 6 months old
- Disinhibited attachment
- Rutter et al (2011): English and Romanian adoptee Study
- Procedure
- Researchers followed a group of 165 Romanian orphans who experienced poor conditions before being adopted in Britain
- The study tested whether good care can make up for poor early experiences
- Physical, cognitive and emotional development was assessed at 4, 6, 11 and 15 years
- The study also followed a control group of 52 adopted British children
- Findings
- Half the orphans showed mental retardation when they came to the UK. At age 11, recovery rates were related to their ages of adoption
- Those adopted before 6 months had a mean IQ of 102
- Adoption between 2 and 6 months and 2 years had a mean IQ of 86
- Adoption after 2 years resulted in a mean IQ of 77
- Conclusions
- Frequency of disinhibited attachment is related to the age of adoption
- Clinginess, attention seeking and indiscriminate affection to strangers was apparent in children adopted after 6 months, but rare in children adopted before then
- There is a sensitive period in the development of attachments
- Failure to form an attachment before the age of 6 months appears to have long-lasting effects
- Procedure
- Zeanah et al (2005): Bucharest Early Intervention Project
- Procedure
- Researchers used the strange situation to assess attachment in 95 children aged between 12 and 31 months
- The 95 children spent most of their lives in institutions
- They were compared to a control group of 50 children who had never been in an institution
- Findings
- Only 19% of the institutionalised children were securely attached
- 65% were classified with disorganised attachment
- Procedure
- Effects of Institutionalisation
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