Antibody production and vaccination
- Created by: lavithedemon
- Created on: 14-04-16 09:06
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- Antibody production and vaccination
- every organism has unique molecules on the surface of their cells
- antigens
- B lymphocytes are activated by T lymphocytes in mammals
- challenge and response
- pathogens are ingested by macrophages
- Helper T cells try to bind to the antigens on the macrophage and eventually activated
- B cells are then activated by binding to T cells
- Helper T cells try to bind to the antigens on the macrophage and eventually activated
- Plasma cells secrete antibodies
- activated B cells multiply to form a clone of plasma cells and memory cells
- antibodies aid the destruction of pathogens
- opsonization - pathogen more recognizable
- neutralization of viruses and bacteria
- neutralization of toxins
- activation of complement - perforation of the membrane of pathogens
- agglutination
- immunity depends upon the persistence of memory cells
- vaccines contain antigens that trigger immunity but do not cause the disease
- pathogens can be species - specific although others can cross species barriers
- zoonosis
- WBC release histamine in response to allergens
- mast cells
- histamines cause allergic syntomps
- fusion of a tumour cell with an antibody - producing plasma cell creates a hybridoma cell
- monoclonal antibodies
- plasma B cells fused with tumour cells (myeloma cells)
- Hybridoma cells
- plasma B cells fused with tumour cells (myeloma cells)
- monoclonal antibodies
- every organism has unique molecules on the surface of their cells
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