Amount of Substance - Chapter 2 - Mindmap in A Level and IB Chemistry

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Amount of Substance
- Relative Atomic Mass
  - Ar
    - The average mass of an atom of an element (including isotopes) relative to 1/12 the Ar of Carbon-12
- Relative Molecular Mass
  - Mr
    - The mass of a molecule compared to 1/12 the Ar of Carbon-12
  - Relative Formula Mass
    - Used for ions since they don't exist as Molecules
- Avogadro Constant
  - The number of atoms in 12g of Carbon-12
  - The Mole
    - The amount of a substance that contains Avogadro number of particles
    - Equations
      - n = m / Mr
        m - g n - mol
      - n = cV
        n = cV / 1000
        c - mol dm^-3 V - cm^3
        
        c - mol dm^-3 V - dm^3
      - PV = nRT
        P - Pa V - m^3 n - mol R - 8.31 T - K
    - Gas Laws
      - Boyle's
        PV = constant
      - Charles'
        V/T = constant
      - Gay-Lussac's
        P/T = constant
  - 6.022x10^23
- Formulae
  - Empiricle
    - 1) Mass/%-age
      - 2) Relative Mass
        3) Moles
        4) Divide by smallest
        5) Make simplest ratio
  - Molecular
    - Ar of Molecule / RM of empirical formula of molecule
- Atom Economy
  - (mass of desired products / total mass of reactants) x 100
- Percentage Yield
  - (number of moles of specified product / theoretical max. moles of product) x 100
Ar
- The average mass of an atom of an element (including isotopes) relative to 1/12 the Ar of Carbon-12

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