AS Biology OCR Amino Acids
- Created by: Sorcha
- Created on: 10-04-13 13:36
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- Amino Acids - the monomers of proteins.
- Functions
- All ENZYMES are proteins
- Membrane carriers/pores
- for active transport and facilitated diffusion
- many HORMONES are proteins
- Structural components
- muscle and bone
- ANTIBODIES are proteins
- Structure
- R Group
- there are 20 types of naturally occurring amino acids but they differ because of the R Group
- Some are large, some are positively charged others negatively charged, some are hydrophobic others hydrophilic
- Amino Group
- Acid Group
- Amino acids join end to end to give a repeating 'backbone'
- R Group
- In Plants
- They are able to produce the amino acids they need.
- from the nitrate in the soil
- the nitrate is converted to amino groups and bonded to organic groups to form the products of photosynthesis
- In Animals
- Proteins must be taken in as part of their diet
- these proteins are broken down to form amino acids so that they can rebuild into the proteins needed within the body
- ESSENTIAL AMINO ACIDS are those that animals cannot build from materials
- found in meat
- Animals cannot store excess amino acids
- removed by a process called Deamination
- takes place in the liver, and converted into urea
- they can become toxic if too much is present
- removed by a process called Deamination
- Proteins must be taken in as part of their diet
- Functions
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