America and USSR part 2 1947-1949
- Created by: Katy Andrew
- Created on: 26-05-13 15:00
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- America and USSR part 2
- Satellite States
- This is a country that is completely independent but controlled by another country.
- Stalin, at first, wanted to push for more free elections so that USSR could fix them and make sure the only voters were communist..
- This would get them in power and could remove opposition parties.
- USSR created an atmosphere of fear and mistrust so that it was difficult for people voting against communist to trust each other and work together.
- USSR used the police and army to stamp on any kind of opposition.
- USSR made sure that countries were dependent on them by rationalising industries to stop the satellites being self sufficient.
- Cominform 1947
- An international organisation that represented communist parties across Europe.
- Rejected the Marshall Plan
- Communist parties were encouraged to strike against the American plan.
- e.g. 2 million workers in France went on strike in 1947 demanding the French government reject that Marshall Plan,
- Removed people that were not loyal to Stalin- this was often brutal and in Hungary, 5% of the population were in prison by 1953.
- Comecon 1949
- Stalin's answer to the Marshall Plan.
- Encouraged the economic development of Eastern Europe.
- Politically it would minimise American influence over easter Europe and USSR.
- Economically, is ensured that the economic benefits would stay within the soviet sphere of influence.
- Eastern Europe did not have access to the prosperity of Western Europe.
- Bizonia
- British and American zones were operating as one and become known as Bizonia.
- Trizonia
- French zone had a good relationship withe Bizonia and become known as Trizonia.
- East and West Germany
- Britain, France and America in 1948 agreed to create and German constitute and introduce the new currency- the Deautschmark.
- Stalin believed these developments were the first steps to dividing Germany.
- Stalin was reluctant to allow America to have any more influence over Germany.
- Stalin did not want American troops in Germany.
- Stalin realised Germany's most valuable economic resources were in the west and feared they would be used to wage war on USSR.
- The Berlin Blockade 1948-49
- Stalin set up a military blockade around West Berlin.
- Stalin's plan was to cut Western Germany off from its capital so the new government based in Berlin could not control its territory in western Germany.
- Truman came up with a plan called the 'Berlin Airlift
- During January the airlift provided 170,000 tonnes of supplies to West Berlin.
- It was a propaganda success for America and a failure for USSR.
- Western Germany became an independant state and Eastern Germany became the sam 1 month after.
- Britain, France and America in 1948 agreed to create and German constitute and introduce the new currency- the Deautschmark.
- NATO April 1949
- Western European countries came up with NATO to keep USA in and USSR out.
- NATO members agreed that if any NATO countries come under attack, all members of NATO would help defend.
- Specific aim of defending the West against communism.
- USSR responded with the Warsaw Pact.
- The arms race
- A continuing commitment to maintain a large army, navy and air force, and the development of development of nuclear weapons.
- By 1949 the USSR had caught up and developed and tested its own nuclear bomb.
- The Americans then developed hydrogen bombs and by 1953 both countries had these.
- This prevented a war in Europe.
- USSR were to scared to start a war even though that had 3 million troops, incase that America would bomb them.
- One atomic bomb could turn the whole city into ashes and kill hundreds of thousands of people in just a few seconds.
- USSR were to scared to start a war even though that had 3 million troops, incase that America would bomb them.
- Satellite States
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