Allotropes of Carbon (Combined Science)
- Created by: m.turner
- Created on: 16-05-18 19:14
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- Allotropes of Carbon - different structural forms of the same element.
- Diamond
- Very hard
- Can not conduct electricity - each carbon atom is bonded to 4 other carbon atoms
- Can not conduct electricity - each carbon atom is bonded to 4 other carbon atoms
- Strong covalent bonds = high melting and boiling points
- Giant Covalent structure
- Very hard
- Graphite
- Each carbon is bonded to 3 other carbon atoms = can conduct electricity and thermal energy due to delocalised electrons
- Creating sheets of carbon atoms arranged in hexagons.
- Each carbon is bonded to 3 other carbon atoms = can conduct electricity and thermal energy due to delocalised electrons
- Between the layers = weak, intermolecular forces - soft and slippery = good lubricants
- Creating sheets of carbon atoms arranged in hexagons.
- Creating sheets of carbon atoms arranged in hexagons.
- High melting point = strong covalent bonds within the layers
- Giant covalent structure
- Graphene = One layer of graphite.
- One atom thick = a two dimensional compound
- Hexagons
- Very strong = network of covalent bonds & is incredibly light so can be added to composite materials
- Can conduct electricity through the structure = has the potential to be used in electronics
- Fullerenes
- Molecules of carbon, shaped like closed tubes or hollow balls
- Mainly made up of carbon atoms arranged in hexagons, but can contain pentagons or heptagons
- Can be used to 'cage' other molecules - like delivering drugs into the body.
- Have a large surface area = great industrial catalysts. Can also make good lubricants
- Nanotubes = tiny carbon cylinders
- Conduct both electricity and heat energy
- Have a high tensile strength - don' break when stretched
- Can be used in electronics or to strengthen materials without adding weight, i.e. a tennis racket.
- Diamond
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