Carbonyl Compounds ( Aldehydes and ketones)
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- Created by: MP
- Created on: 25-11-13 11:38
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- carbonyl compounds
- Aldehydes
- aldehydes general formula RCHO
- Ketones
- consist of C to O double bond and at least two carbons attached
- preparing carbonyl compounds by oxidation
- preperation of aldehydes
- aldehydes are made by partial oxidation of primary alcohols
- Reagents, primary alcohol + potassium dichromate (VI) in sulhuric acid
- distil of product as it formed
- Oberservation: Colour changes from orange - green as dichromate (VI) is reduced to chromium(III)
- CH3CH2OH + [O] --> CH3CHO + H2O
- aldehydes are made by partial oxidation of primary alcohols
- prepartion of ketones
- ketones are made by oxidation of a secondary alcohol
- reagents: Secondary Alchol + Potassium dichromate (VI) in dilute sulute acid
- Oberservation: colour changes from organge - green as Dichromate (VI) is reduced to Chromium (III)
- CH3CH(OH)CH3 ++ [O] --> CH3COCH3 + H2O
- preperation of aldehydes
- Reduction
- reagnets: carbonyl compound with reducing agent
- lithium tetrahydridoaluminate in dry ether,LiAlh4
- CH3CH2COOH(l) + 2[H] --> CH3CH2CH2Oh(l) + H2)
- reagnets: carbonyl compound with reducing agent
- functional group : C=O Bond
- O atom is more electronegative = the C=O Dipole bond has more e- attracted to O
- made of sigm and pi bond
- pi bond = overlap of the p orbital of C and O atom
- Oxidation of Aldehydes and ketones
- ALdehydes are oxidised to Carboxlyic acis
- Ketones cannot be oxidsed firther
- Aldehydes
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