Alcohols
- Created by: Lina
- Created on: 07-04-14 06:19
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- Alcohols
- Cn H2n+1 OH
- Functional group is -OH
- A group of atoms bonded together in a compound that makes it react in a certain way
- Homologous series
- A family of compounds that share the same functional group+ take part in similar chemical reactions
- 1) Methanol
- CH3OH
- 2) Ethanol
- CH3CH2OH
- Pros of using ethanol as a vehicle fuel instead of fossil fuels
- Made from a renewable resource, e.g. sugar cane; maize
- Carbon neutral- the plants from which the fuel is made
- Cons of using ethanol as a vehicle fuel instead of fossil fuels
- Crops grow on land, which should be used for farming
- Produces CO2 as it burns+ extra addition of CO2 into the atmosphere due to transportation costs, making fertilisers for crops, manufacture of ethanol
- 3) Propanol
- CH3CH2CH2OH
- The first 3 alcohols have similar properties
- Flammable
- Burn in air to produce CO2+ water
- Dissolve completely in water to form neutral solutions
- The -OH of their molecules is similar to water
- React with sodium to give hydrogen+ alkoxides
- Flammable
- Solvents
- Alcohols like methanol+ ethanol can dissolve most compounds that water dissolves
- But also the ones that water can't dissolve
- Hydrocarbons
- Oils
- Fats
- But also the ones that water can't dissolve
- Ethanol
- Solvent for perfumes+ aftershave lotions
- Can mix both the oils and the water
- Methylated spirit
- Ethanol with chemicals
- Used to clean paint brushes+ as a fuel
- Ethanol with chemicals
- Clean burning- the more ethanol in the petrol mix, the less pollution
- Solvent for perfumes+ aftershave lotions
- Alcohols like methanol+ ethanol can dissolve most compounds that water dissolves
- Uses
- Solvents
- Fuels- flammable
- Ethanol is usually mixed with petrol
- Reduces emissions like carbon monoxide+ nitrogen oxides
- Renewable - can be grown
- Ethanol is usually mixed with petrol
- Ethanol is alcoholic drinks
- Pros
- Ethanol makes huge profits for drink companies
- Taxes bring income to the government
- Ethanol makes huge profits for drink companies
- Cons
- Causes deaths+ accidents- alcoholic drinks
- Costs a fortune to NHS
- High costs of policing alcohol related crimes
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