alcohol

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  • Alcohol
    • Properties
      • CnH2n+1OH
      • Primary = 1C to the COH
      • Secondary = 2C to the COH
      • Tertiary = 3C to the COH
      • Polarity
        • oxygen is more negative
        • -OH forms H bonds with H2O
          • C Chains can not
          • Longer chain = less soluble
      • Volatility
        • Low
          • High boiling point
        • How easily molecules can escape
        • Branching decreases boiling point = volatile
      • Alkanes
        • much lower boiling point
          • Weak induced dipole
          • -OH = hydrogen bonds
            • Require more energy
              • -OH forms H bonds with H2O
                • C Chains can not
                • Longer chain = less soluble
    • Combustion
      • C2H5OH + 3O2 --> 2CO2+ 3H2O
    • Oxidation
      • Primary
        • Aldehyde
          • Distillation
          • Reflux
            • Carboxylic acid
        • Distillation
      • Secondary
        • Carboxylic acid
        • Reflux
          • Ketone
        • Ketone
      • K2Cr2O7/H+
        • Orange to green
    • Dehydration
      • H2O eliminated
        • Alkenes
      • Acidified H2SO4 or H3PO4
    • Nucleophillic substitution
      • -OH replaced by -Halide
      • Acid catalyst and warmed
        • Cl = HCl
        • Br = NaBr + H2SO4
        • I = H3PO4 based on poor yield

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