aerobic respiration
- Created by: esther christie
- Created on: 25-05-13 17:06
View mindmap
- aerobic respiration
- ATP
- stands for - adenosine triphosphate
- used in all energy- requiring processes
- made from ADP (adenosine diphosphate), Pi (inorganic phosphate) and energy
- the adenine is binded to ribose which is binded to three phosphates (the Pi are broken to make energy)
- the ATP made in light-dependent photosynthesis is used to make carbohydrate in the light- independent stage of photosynthesis
- glycolysis
- the first stage of respiration, takes pplace in the cytoplasm and it does not require oxygen (anaerobic)
- glucose (5 carbon monosaccharide) is broken down to two pyruvate molecules (3 carbon compound) - using 2 ATP
- the breaking down of glucose releases 4 ATP and hydrogen ions
- the hydrogen is picked up by coenzyme NAD to form reduced coenzyme NADH
- the breaking down of glucose releases 4 ATP and hydrogen ions
- if oxygen is not present then the pyruvate is converted to lactate, so the glucose is not broken down and only 2 ATP are made
- link reaction
- this stage (after glycolysis) takes place in the matrix of the mitochondria and is aerobic
- the pyruvate molecule is broken down into acetyl coenzyme (2 carbon compound
- carbon dioxide and hydrogen which produces coenzyme NADH
- krebs cycle
- this stage (after link reaction) takes place in the mitochondria and is aerobic
- acetyl coenzyme joins with a 4 carbon compound (making a 6 carbon compound)
- this is broken into a 5 carbon compound and carbon dioxide is released
- this breaks down to reform the 4 carbon compound and releases carbon dioxide
- coenzymes are also produced - reduced NADH and FADH. one ATP molecule is also produced for each acetyl coenzyme.
- this breaks down to reform the 4 carbon compound and releases carbon dioxide
- this is broken into a 5 carbon compound and carbon dioxide is released
- what remains of the glucose has been broken down. two carbon molecules enter the cycle as acetyl coenzymes and leave as carbon dioxide
- oxidative phosphorylation
- this stage (after krebs cycle) takes place in the inner membrane of the mitochondria and is aerobic
- the coenzyme made earlier is used to make ATP
- the proteins in the membrane make the electron transfer chain, there are also stalked particles called ATPases
- reduced coenzymes bring hydrogen atoms to the first protein in the ETC
- the hydrogen atoms splits into a hydrogen ion and an electron
- the electron is passed through the ETC
- hydrogen ions recombine with the electron from the ETC to reform the hydrogen atom (this combines with oxygen to make water)
- most of the ATP produced with respiration comes from this stage
- hydrogen ions recombine with the electron from the ETC to reform the hydrogen atom (this combines with oxygen to make water)
- the hydrogen ion passes across to the space between the inner and outer membranes and then diffuse back across the membrane through ATPase
- this creates energy to make ATP from ADP and a phosphate molecule
- hydrogen ions recombine with the electron from the ETC to reform the hydrogen atom (this combines with oxygen to make water)
- most of the ATP produced with respiration comes from this stage
- the electron is passed through the ETC
- the hydrogen atoms splits into a hydrogen ion and an electron
- this stage (after krebs cycle) takes place in the inner membrane of the mitochondria and is aerobic
- ATP
Comments
No comments have yet been made