Advances in medical knowlegde

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  • Advances in medical knowledge
    • Common medical ideas of the medieval era
      • Astrology
        • Physicians believed the movementof stars affected people's health.
        • Valemecum - zodiac charts.
        • work out which treatmentscould be used.
      • The theory of the Four Humors
        • developed by Ancient Greek & Roman doctors.
        • Body contained 4 important liquids.
          • Blood
          • Phlegm
          • Black Bile
          • Yellow Bile
        • A person becomes ill when there was too much of one hummer and not enough of another.
    • the influence of Vesalius, Pare and Harvey on medical knowledge
      • Andreas Vesalius
        • Professor of Anatomy
        • 1543 - published the Fabrics of the human body.
        • he insisted on the direction of human bodies.
      • Ambroise Pare
        • Treated wounded soldiers.
        • cauterised wounds with hot oil.
        • discovered wounds healed quicker if covered with bandages.
        • Arteries were tied using silk thread called ligatures.
        • 1562 - book five books of surgery.
      • William Harvey
        • lecturer in anatomy
        • directed live animals.
        • proved the circulatorysystem.
        • Heart acted like a pump.
    • 19th century advances in medical knowledge
      • theory of Spontaneous generation
        • miasma caused the spread of disease.
      • improvements in microscopes led to the discovery of micro-organisms
      • link to spread of disease was not made.
    • Louis Pasteur & Robert Koch
      • Pasteur
        • Pateurisation
          • liquid killed harmful micro-organisms
        • Germ theory 1861
          • microbes in the air caused decay
        • Vaccines 1879
          • Chicken cholera
          • Antharax & Rabies
      • Koch
        • liked a particular germ to a disease.
        • identified TB and Cholera germ.
        • Pioneer of Bacteriology.
        • 1905 - Nobel Prize
      • Paul Ehrlich
        • student of Koch.
        • developedSalvarsan 600 - treat syphilis.
      • Dr J W Power
        • Medical officer in Ebbw Vale.
        • set up courses in Bacteriology.
    • The bonesetters of Wales and the foundation of orthopaedics
      • Thomas Rocyn Jones
        • experimented with new methods of setting bones.
        • developed wooden splint
        • treated fractures & muscle injuries
      • Thomas family of Anglesey
        • Evan Thomas - specisalised in treatment of bone & joint injury.
        • Thomas Splint
          • used in WW1
      • Sir Robert Jones
        • Lectured about Orthopaedic surgery
        • the father of orthopaedics
    • The development of scanning techniques in the 20th century.
      • X-rays
        • discovered by Wilhelm Rontgen
        • doctors could look inside bodies without surgery
        • important in WW1
      • Ultrasound and MRI scans
        • Ultrasounds - developed since 1950's
        • MRI Scanner - 1977
    • The discovery of DNA & genetic research in the later 20th century.
      • Martin Evans & Stem Cell Research
        • 2007 - developed technique of gene targeting.
        • awarded Nobel Prize - stem cell research
      • causes of some illness was due to genetics..
      • Genetic screening
      • Human Genome project.

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