Adaptation for Survival
- Created by: sophie.rebecca_
- Created on: 11-04-16 20:06
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- Adaptation for survival
- What do organisms need to survive?
- Plants:
- Light, carbon dioxide, water oxygen and nutrients
- Animals:
- Food, water and oxygen
- Micro-organisms:
- A range of things: Some are like plants, others like animals, some don't need oxygen or light etc.
- Plants:
- Define 'Adaptations'
- Features that allow an organism to survive in a particular environment.
- How are plants adapted to live in the rainforest?
- Attach to other plants high up, to get light, as there is nearly none on the floor.
- Can cope with high rainfall and temperatures.
- What is the main way that animals adapt?
- Animals often adapt to help them get food.
- How are herbivores and carnivores adapted?
- Herbivores have teeth for grinding up plant cells
- Carnivores have teeth for tearing flesh and crushing bones.
- Give an example of how organisms have adapted to the environment:
- Camouflage.
- What is an Extremophile?
- An organism that can survive in extreme environments.
- What is a thermophile?
- An organism that survives best at very high temperatures.
- Why is Surface area to volume ratio important in different climates?
- Small SA:V is important in the cold as the animal will lose less heat, and vice versa in hot environments.
- Give 3 adaptations that animals in cold environments may have:
- Small ears, layers of fur and fat for insulation, fat layer for food supply, built up in the summer for winter.
- Give 3 adaptations that an animal in a hot/dry environment may have:
- Large ears to increase surface area.
- Thin fur and little body fat, to allow heat loss.
- Often quite small, large surface area to volume ratio, so they can loose heat, so they don't have to sweat and lose water.
- What happens to water in plants?
- Take in water through roots, moves up plant into leaves, lost through stomata (also for photosynthesis and respiration) by evaporation.
- What water-related adaptations do some plants have?
- Curled leaves to funnel evaporated water back to roots, or large leaves to funnel dew to roots.
- small surface area to cut down area for water loss. Waxy leaves also stop evaporation.
- Very large root systems over a wide area and very deep.
- Fleshy leaves to store water in their tissue.
- What do animals compete for?
- Food, water, territory and a mate.
- What do plants and animals have that make them better competitors?
- Adaptations to the environment.
- What do plants compete for?
- Light, water, nutrients and space.
- Give 3 examples of adaptations that plants have that make them better competitors:
- Can spread their seed a long way, thorns to not be eaten, tall to reach light over other plants.
- What can impact on the distribution of organisms (Living/Non-Living)?
- New disease, predator move near, oxygen concentration changes, other competing organisms.
- What sorts of environmental changes affect where organisms live?
- Average temperature, average rainfall, light, pH and local climate.
- What do organisms need to survive?
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