Acids and Alkalis
- Created by: lauryntaylor
- Created on: 09-10-15 10:05
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- Acids, Bases and Neutralisation reactions
- Acids
- Strong acids
- eg. HCL, fully dissociates in aqueous solution and releases of its hydrogen atoms as H+ ions
- All acids contain hydrogen in their formulae
- Not all compounds that contain hydrogen are acids
- When dissolved in water they form hydrogen ions, protons (H+) into the solution
- Common acids
- Hydrochloric acid (HCL) forms a sulphate salt
- Sulphuric acid (H SO ) forms a sulphate salt
- Nitric acid ( HNO ) forms a nitrate salt
- Ethanoic acid (CH COOH) forms an ethanoate salt
- Weak acids
- eg, ethanoic acid (vinegar) partially dissociates is an aqueous solution
- Strong acids
- Bases and Alkalis
- All carbonates, hydroxides, metal oxides and ammonia are bases
- A base is a substance that neutralises an acid to form a salt
- Sometimes water and carbon dioxide is formed
- An alkali is a metal base that dissolves in an aqueous solution to form hydroxide ions (OH-)
- NaOH + aq --- Na+ + OH-
- Here the sodium hydroxide when dissolved in water is releasing sodium and hydroxide ions
- NaOH + aq --- Na+ + OH-
- Neutralisation
- Acids with Alkali's
- examples include
- KOH
- NH
- NaOH
- Acid + Alkalis Salt + Water
- examples include
- Acids with carbonates
- examples include
- CaCO
- Na CO
- CuCO
- Acid + Carbonate Salt + Water + Carbon Dioxide
- examples include
- Acids with hydroxides
- Produces a salt and water only
- Acids and metal oxides
- examples include
- MgO
- CuO
- CaO
- Produces a salt and water only
- examples include
- Acids with Alkali's
- Difference between strength of acids and concentration
- High concentration
- Low concentration
- Acids
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