Chemistry - Acids, Alkalis and Salts
- Created by: Olivia27
- Created on: 30-09-15 16:18
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- Acids
- Acids, Alkalis and Salts
- Alkalis
- Ph8 or higher
- Produces the OH- ion when dissolved in water
- Common Alkalis
- Sodium Hydroxide
- Ammonia Solution
- Green/Blue
- Reactions
- acid + alkali = salt + water
- acid + base = neutral
- alkaline + soluble base
- acid + metal = salt + hydrogen
- acid +metal oxide = salt + water
- acid + metal carbonates = salt +water + carbon dioxide
- Experiments
- Indicators
- In Acid
- Litmus = Red
- Phenolphthalein = colourless
- Methyl Orange = red
- In Water
- Litmus = light purple
- Phenolphthalein = colourless
- Methyl Orange = yellow/orange
- In Alkali
- Litmus = blue
- Phenolphthalein = Hot Pink
- Methyl Orange = Yellow
- In Acid
- Hydrochloric Acid Reactions
- Magnesium Ribbon + Hydrochloric Acid
- Effervesed
- Popped when gas met lit splint
- Gas = Hydrogen due to squeaky pop
- Amount of metal decreased
- Hydrochloric acid + magnesium oxide
- Ph 14 Blue
- Hydrochloric Acid + Sodium Hydroxide
- Ph 9 Blue
- Hydrochloric Acid + Potassium Chloride
- Effervesed
- Turned limewater cloudy white
- Produced Carbon Dioxide
- Magnesium Ribbon + Hydrochloric Acid
- Making Soluble Salts (Using excess metal, metal oxide, metal carbonate)
- Copper II Oxide + Nitric Acid = copper II nitrate + water
- Magnesium + Sulfuric Acid = magnesium sulfate + hydrogen
- Copper Carbonate + Ethanoic Acid = Copper Ethanoate + Water + Carbon Dioxide
- Method = Mix two together and filtrate through funnel to remove excess solid. Place in evaporating dish = crystallises.
- Making Soluble Salts (Using Tritration)
- Sodium Hydroxide + Hydrochloric Acid = Sodium Chloride + water
- Ammonia Solution + Sulfuric Acid = Ammonium Sulfate
- Method = Alkali in conical flask, Acid in Burette. Take measurement of acid. Add Acid to Alkali until indicator goes colourless. Measure acid left in burette. Repeat experiment without indicator. Indicator used = Phenolphthalein
- Indicators
- Alkalis
- Ph6 or below
- produce the H+ ion when dissolved in water
- Common Acids
- Hydrochloric Acid
- HCl
- Produces Chlorides
- Nitric Acid
- HNO?
- Produces Nitrates
- Sulfuric Acid
- H?SO?
- Produces Sulfates
- Ethanoic Acid
- CH?COOH
- Produces Ethanoates
- Hydrochloric Acid
- Yellow/Green
- Acids, Alkalis and Salts
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