ABORTION
- Created by: mrmendes
- Created on: 12-11-18 23:16
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- ABORTION
- When does life begin?
- 4. Conscious
- Potential victory is not the same as an actual victory, fetus is not yet self-aware, not recognised in the law as a full human
- Suggest brain development, fetus is now a growing and recognised as a human
- 5. Viability
- Many born at this stage do not survive; nature is way of saying not ready yet - 28 weeks for a reason
- Fetus could survive out of the womb; reconsigned by law as a human being
- 2. Conception
- Just a newly formed group of cells; an acorn is not a oak tree; not recognised by law as a human; may do not make it to implantation; mothers unaware
- Unique being with unique genetic cod is produced, will develop into a human, Pope Pius ix believes that life is present here
- 6. Birth
- It is a full human being, given an identity and celebrated on that day
- Not yet fully self-aware
- 1. Pre-Conception
- Billions of sperm - only one is need, no human life is present
- Every sperm is scared, essential for life to begin, limited number of eggs
- 3. Primitive Streak
- Provides structure foe embryonic, structure to align themselves, now clear if one or more person will be a result
- Not discernible sign of humanity are present, no organs, Experimentation can take place until this point
- 4. Conscious
- What is abortion?
- It is the deliberate ending of a life after fertilisation of the ovum and before birth
- Mason and Laurie
- Person-hood may be one thing and human life another; hence it is possible to argue that, while the zygote may not be a person, there is no logical alternative to regarding it as the first stage of human life
- Christian ideas on Abortion
- Roman Catholics
- Life starts are Conception
- Human being are made in God image
- Thou shall not murder
- I know you before you were in the womb
- If anyone destroy God's temple; then God will destroy them
- Life is sacred and a gift from God
- Only God can take away life souls
- We are different from animals as God breathed life into Adams nostrils.= Ensoulment.
- Pope Pius: "What could ever be a sufficient reason for the direct murder of an innocent?"
- Protestants
- love you neighbour as you love yourself
- Love for one's fellow human being
- could be seen as an act of charity
- Roman Catholics
- Ethical theory for abortion
- Feminist Position
- That id abortion is banned then it would mean that women rights would be lost as well and that it would go back to the older days
- Judith Jarvis Thomson
- Defends Abortion by using the violinist theory
- The violinist. In "A Defence of Abortion", Thomson grants for the sake of argument that the fetus has a right to life, but defends the permissibly of abortion by appeal to a thought experiment: You wake up in the morning and find yourself back to back in bed with an unconscious violinist.
- Defends Abortion by using the violinist theory
- Mary Anna Warren
- States that if abortion are banned then it would lead to unsafe abortion again (back street) were 200,000 women died a year. plus that it would affect the well-being of her family
- Feminist Position
- Natural Law
- Double Effect...To save the mother from death is okay if intent is not to kill the fetus.
- Primary precept is too defend innocent life. Makes a secondary precept of do not abort.
- Situation Ethics
- Agape- the only thing good in itself if love
- The Church of England says that situational abortion might be the lesser of two evils. If a woman was ***** then the more loving thing could be to abort
- Kantian Views
- People who have been ***** can have abortions... doesn't work = hypothetical imperative.
- The 3 Maxims (The Categorical Imperative)
- Abortion can not be universalised because humanity would cease to exist = self contradictory
- Having an abortion to save a mothers life is wrong. It is treating humanity as a means to an end
- Question of person-hood...Is a fetus a person?
- Utilitarian Views
- Pro choice
- Mill
- Human dignity
- If fetus is just a bunch of cells than abortion is okay due to no human dignity.
- Harm principle= its alright to do what we want as long as it doesn't harm others...question of person-hood.
- Individual sovereignty -'Over himself, over his own body and mind, the individual is sovereign.'
- Human dignity
- Bentham
- Quantity of happiness
- The child could probably survive due to technological advance so having an abortion due to illness doesn't justify as there is some certainty that it could survive.
- Judging whether life starts at conception is weak. It could be considered as uncertain on the Hedonistic Calculus.
- Person-hood, only wrong if fetus is considered a person.
- Quantity of happiness
- Mill
- Pro choice
- Weak Sanctity of Life
- Does not start with a God but recognises medical improvements meaning Strong SOL is no longer suitable.
- Jesus taught compassion and love...people should do the most loving thing.
- ?
- Disability
- ****
- Finance
- Mothers life at risk
- Abortion law
- Abortion was legalised in the UK in 1967 up until 28 weeks, however it was lowered to 24 weeks in 1990. It is currently still illegal in Northern Ireland.
- John Lucke
- Lucke says person-hood is when you are capable of making choices, engaging in a relationship and are self aware.
- This has many issues as disabled people and those in a coma do not follow the criteria so are they not considered a person?
- Marry Warren
- Warrens states that it is impossible to know when a fetus turns into a human and therefore birth gives a definite boundary.
- Glover rejects this claim as the similarity between premature babies and late fetuses is large.
- Glover
- "Life starts at conception is nothing more then a religious tenet which claims no scientific truth"
- Judith Thompson
- The growth from a fetus into a person is gradual and therefore we cannot call a baby a human and give it human rights.
- Mackie
- The basic argument against abortion, on which all others build, is that the unborn child is already a human being, a person, a bearer o rights, and that abortion is therefor murder
- When does life begin?
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