Abnormality and diagnosis
Summary of diagnosing and defining abnormality. Tell me if anything needs to be edited or added to it.
- Created by: Izzy Mason
- Created on: 03-02-16 11:50
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- Abnormality
- Definitions
- Statistical Infrequency
- Two standard deviations outside of the mean is abnormal i.e. the top 2% and the bottom 2% of a bell curve showing results of an IQ test
- + Objective
- - Cutoff points are arbitrary
- -Cultural relativism
- -Labelling
- Deviation from social norms
- Every society has its own set of standards for acceptable behavior. If something moves away from this, it is abnormal
- Labelling
- +Takes into account desirability of behaviour
- -Lack of temporal validity. What is normal while ago may not be normal now
- Every society has its own set of standards for acceptable behavior. If something moves away from this, it is abnormal
- Failure to function adequately
- Suffering, Unpredictabe, Maladaptive, Observer discomfort, Vivid/unconventional, Violation of social/moral norms, Irrationality
- -What is abnormal is not always dysfunctional
- -Who gets to decide who/what is abnormal? Subjectivity
- -Cultural relativism
- Suffering, Unpredictabe, Maladaptive, Observer discomfort, Vivid/unconventional, Violation of social/moral norms, Irrationality
- Deviation from ideal mental health
- Defines normality rather than abnormality. To be abnormal, someone must fail to meet some of these criteria:
- Positive view of self, accurate perception of reality, autonomy, integration, master of their environment
- -Cultural relativism
- -Labelling
- -Unrealistic. Who can actually achieve all this?
- +Looks at normality rather than abnormality
- Positive view of self, accurate perception of reality, autonomy, integration, master of their environment
- Defines normality rather than abnormality. To be abnormal, someone must fail to meet some of these criteria:
- Statistical Infrequency
- Classification
- DSM VI
- Multi axial
- 1= Clinical disorder, 2= Personality disorder or mental retardation, 3= medical conditions leading to axis 1 or 2, 4= Psycho-social 5= General assessment of functioning
- Published by A.P.A
- 1) Reliability tested 2) Specialised teams
- published by W.H.O
- 1) Reliability tested 2) Specialised teams
- +User friendly, considers cultural differences & differential diagnosis. Updated more often than ICD-10
- - some terms contradict ICD-10 and this affects reliability and it also lacks temporal validity
- Multi axial
- ICD-10
- published by W.H.O
- Chapter 5= mental disorders
- 11 categories (these are the important ones): schizophrenia/typal, affective disorders and neurotic/ stress disorders
- Z-codes
- + Widely used by all health professionals and can be used in a lot of different situations i.e. other chapters
- - Not as clear or detailed as DSM VI and also lacks temporal validity
- DSM V
- Uses ICD-10 codes and DSM VI features for cross reference, no longer uses multi-axial system and is updated fairly frequently as well as using online resources
- DSM VI
- Definitions
- Diagnosis
- Biases
- Gender
- HPD= female associated, ASPD= male associated. Each gender was often misdiagnosed with their respective stereotyped disorder.
- Cultural
- African Americans given similar diagnosis to European Americans but they were given a worse prognosis based on nothing but their culture
- Gender
- Biases
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