5. 1945-69 for Native American civil rights
- Created by: Alasdair
- Created on: 06-06-17 11:13
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- 5. 1945-69 for Native American civil rights
- Period from end of WW2 to 1992 can be conveniently divided into two parts when considering position of NAs
- 1945-69: when government policy of termination, began in 1953, worsened conditions for NAs
- Positions of NAs deteriorated in period after WW2
- 2 major elements in decline:
- Policy of termination, ended recognition of NA tribes and any remaining treaty rights and instead treated them as independent and self-supporting
- Movement of many NAs to urban areas
- Move to urban areas did not bring NAs all benefits of American life
- For some experience was traumatic
- Forced to leave reservations and relocate
- Even for volunteers, experience was negative
- Most finished up in worst accommodation
- Jobs
- If lucky enough to find jobs, poorly paid
- Difficulty in finding jobs reflected in unemployment rate of up to 18%
- Literacy rates remained low
- Disease high
- Estimated in 1960, approximately 25% were 'poor' and accommodation they lived in unable to support any extended family
- Many elderly people forced to return to former reservations
- There found conditions had declined even further
- Many elderly people forced to return to former reservations
- Life expectancy 44 years
- 20 years below national average
- Loss of land continued
- Many did not settle as lifestyle was alien to their culture
- estimated 50% returned to reservations
- Returned and discovered funding of projects, began under ND,had ended
- Conditions worse for them there than in cities
- estimated 50% returned to reservations
- Those who did stay in cities
- Often grouped together in ghettos
- Unintentionally, ghettos had an impact of helping to preserve culture as they fought to preserve their heritage
- This development would have considerable impact on progress made in gaining their rights in last part of period
- As they witnessed impact of civil rights movement and began to develop their own groups to advance their cause
- could be argued although period witnessed decline in position of NAs - nothing achieved in advancing rights, did not create conditions from whcih they could move forward and bring an end to policy of assimilation
- As they witnessed impact of civil rights movement and began to develop their own groups to advance their cause
- This development would have considerable impact on progress made in gaining their rights in last part of period
- For some experience was traumatic
- Period from end of WW2 to 1992 can be conveniently divided into two parts when considering position of NAs
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