3.1.2 Carbohydrates
- Created by: graceanastacia
- Created on: 23-05-16 13:42
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- 3.1.2 Carbohydrates
- Mono-saccharides
- Monomers from which larger carbohydrates are made
- Examples
- Glucose
- Galactose
- Fructose
- Condensation reaction forms glycosidic bond
- Formed by the condensation of two mono-saccharides
- Disaccharides
- Formed by the condensation of two mono-saccharides
- Examples
- Maltose
- Two glucose
- Sucrose
- Glucose & fructose
- Lactose
- Glucose & galactose
- Maltose
- Glucose
- Alpha glucose
- Beta glucose
- Poly-saccharides
- Condensation of beta glucose
- Cellulose
- Structure
- Straight, unbranched chains
- Parallel
- Hydrogen bonds
- Parallel
- Straight, unbranched chains
- Function
- Cell walls
- Provides rigidity
- Prevents cell bursting as osmosis occurs
- Forms microfibrils
- Cell walls
- Structure
- Cellulose
- Condensation of alpha glucose
- Glycogen
- Energy storage (animal cells)
- Structure
- Compact
- More storage
- Insoluble
- Does not draw water into cell by osmosis
- Does not diffuse out of cell
- Highly branched
- Has more ends to be acted on by enzymes
- Rapidly broken down into glucose for respiration
- Has more ends to be acted on by enzymes
- Compact
- Starch
- Function
- Energy storage (plant cells)
- Structure
- Insoluble
- Branched
- Unbranched
- Coiled
- Insoluble
- Iodine test
- Yellow- blue/black
- Function
- Glycogen
- Condensation of beta glucose
- Biochemical tests
- Benedict's test
- Non- reducing sugars
- Reducing sugars
- Mono-saccharides and some disaccharides
- Add sample to reagent & heat
- Orange- brown
- (Yellow to brown depending on concentration)
- Orange- brown
- Iodine test
- Yellow- blue/black
- Benedict's test
- Mono-saccharides
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