2.3 Energy and ATP
- Created by: ElizaEllis
- Created on: 29-04-20 20:08
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- Energy and ATP
- Structure
- Adenine
- 3 phosphate molecules
- Ribose
- How ATP stores energy
- Unstable bonds between phosphate molecules
- Low activation energy- easily broken
- When broken release energy
- Broken via hydrolysis- catalysed by ATPase (ATP hydrolase)
- Unstable bonds between phosphate molecules
- Synthesis of ATP
- Condensation reaction catalysed by ATP synthase
- Occurs in 3 ways
- In plant and animal cells during respiration
- Oxidative phosphorylati
- In plant and animal cells when donor phosphate groups are transferred from donor molecules to ATP
- substrate-level phosphorylati
- In plant and animal cells during respiration
- The use of ATP in cells
- Metabolic processes
- provides the energy to build up macromolecules from their basic units
- Movement
- Provides energy for muscle contraction
- Secretion
- needed to for lysosomes for the secretion of cell products
- Activation of molecules
- the inorganic phosphate can be used to phosphorylate other compound to make them more reactive
- lowering activation energy in enzyme-catalysed reactions
- the inorganic phosphate can be used to phosphorylate other compound to make them more reactive
- Active Transport
- provides the energy to change the shape of carrier proteins
- Metabolic processes
- Why is ATP a better immediate energy source than glucose?
- ATP releases less energy than glucose so is more manageable
- The hydrolysis of ATP to ADP is a single reaction. Whereas the breakdown of glucose is many
- Structure
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