2. Virtue ethics: Modern virtue ethics

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  • Created by: Alasdair
  • Created on: 23-06-17 22:16
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  • 2. Virtue ethics: Modern virtue ethics
    • Elizabeth Anscombe
      • Modern Moral Philosophy
      • Other moral theories where morality is based on duty (such as Kant, Natural Law and Utilitarianism) are flawed
        • These require a belief in God or an ultimate being who will judge
          • Without this belief there is no reason to follow moral duty
            • This supports Aristotle's argument, and makes it stronger compared to Kant etc.
    • Alisdair MacIntyre
      • After Virtue
      • Good judgement emanates from good character
        • Being a good person is not about seeking to follow formal rules (against absolutist ethics)
      • Moral goods or virtues  are defined in respect to a community which practice them
        • Which he calls "internal goods" or "goods of excellence"
      • It is illogical to focus on practice-independent moral duties/obligations (deontological/Kantian ethics) or the consequences of actions (teleological/Utilitarianism) as these have no role in communities
    • Philippa Foot
      • Goodness is the natural flourishing of humans
      • Virtues are beneficial to the individual and to the community
    • Richard Taylor
      • Religious ethics lead people away from using their reason, prevents personal development
      • Christianity and other religious ethics claim that the poor, weak, stupid and evil will go to Heaven if they except Christ
        • This does not encourage people to become better, it only encourages blind faith
      • Virtue ethics addresses this and as it encourages people to achieve personal excellence

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