19 - The Development of anti-Semitic Policies 1938-40 Part 2
- Created by: Becca Newman
- Created on: 05-03-20 15:25
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- The Development of anti-Semitic Policies 1938-40
- The Impact of the war against Poland
- Conquest of Western Poland in Sept 1939 provided new territories for Jews to go
- Emphasis moved towards the deportation of Jews
- Nazi race policies became shaped by war
- War provided the regime with
- a national emergency that allowed more dictatorial power and secrecy
- a propaganda machine to encourage patriotism and hatred of enemies
- new territories under the Reich and under the power of the **
- a Germanisation of Poland and a 'Jew-free' Nazi empire
- War provided the regime with
- Eastern Poland was occupied by the U**R
- The area in between East and West was named the 'General Government' of Poland under the Nazi Governor Hans Frank
- Intended as a dumping ground for Poles and Jews
- The area in between East and West was named the 'General Government' of Poland under the Nazi Governor Hans Frank
- The Nazis wanted Lebensraum by driving Poles and Jews out of Poland
- Nearly 2 million of Poland's 3 million Jews were in Nazi controlled territory by 1939
- All these Jews were mainly poor and Orthodox and their amount posed problems for the Nazis
- They fitted the Nazi idea of Untermenschen
- All these Jews were mainly poor and Orthodox and their amount posed problems for the Nazis
- At the end of Sept Hitler told Rosenberg that all Jews were to be moved to the General Government
- Rosenberg was the Minister for the Eastern Occupied Territories
- Heydrich reported a 'Reich Ghetto' had been created there - with intended bad conditions for death
- October 1939 Muller instructed Eichmann to deport nearly 80,0000 Jews from Katowice into Poland
- Muller - Gestapo Chief
- Eichmann - head of the Central Agency for Jewish Emigration
- Eichmann expanded this to include Czech Jews
- Hitler demanded the deportation of 300,000 German Jews + all Jews from Vienna to be removed
- Proved impossible because dealing with Polish Jews was already problematic
- Nov 1939 - Feb 1940 ** tried to deport 1 million people to the General Government
- 550,000 were Jews
- Authorities couldn't deal with mass deportations from Germany + Austria at the same time
- Conquest of Western Poland in Sept 1939 provided new territories for Jews to go
- The Madagascar Plan
- First suggested by French anti-Semites in late 1930s
- Conquest of France May-June 1940 made it a possibility
- Vichy France (capital of southern occupied France) would be in charge of resettling the Madagascan population to free it up for Jews
- Approximately 25,000 people lived there
- Nazis planned to send 4 million Jews to Madagascar
- The sale of Jewish property would finance the movement of Jewish farmers, construction workers + artisans up to age 45 to Madagascar
- Living conditions were intended to be harsh
- Discrimination of Jews through 'natural wastage'
- Living conditions were intended to be harsh
- The sale of Jewish property would finance the movement of Jewish farmers, construction workers + artisans up to age 45 to Madagascar
- Since 1936 ** experts + Eichamnn had been scheming for mass immmigration of Jews to Palestine
- Cooperation between ** and Zionists
- But Palestine was small and under British rule
- Madagascar was far from Europe, bigger and posed no political problems
- Only in late 1940 Summer to Autumn did the Madagascar plan seem possible
- Germany's failure to end war with Britain meant they could disrupt Jewish transportation
- By Oct 1940 Hitler was planning for Operation Barbarossa
- Madagascar plan was swapped for sending Jews to Siberia once Russian conquest was complete
- Madagascar Plan proves the decision to exterminate Jews hadn't been made at that point
- However the Nazis planned to let the Jews die off in harsh conditions in Madagascar
- First suggested by French anti-Semites in late 1930s
- The Impact of the war against Poland
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