1.11 Need for communication

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  • Created by: JTY3
  • Created on: 16-03-16 21:17
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  • The Need for Communication
    • Keep cells active
      • Cellular activity relies on enzymes performing their functions effectively
        • Their are several factors which affect the efficiency of an enzyme
          • Temperature
          • pH
          • Aqueous environment that holds substrates and products in solution
          • Freedom from toxins and excess inhibitors
    • Stimulus and response
      • External environments
        • Change in the environment is the stimulus
        • Change in the animals behaviour or physiology is the response
      • Internal  Environment
        • In animals the fluid which cells and tissue is bathed in is the environment
        • Metabolic activities consume substrates and produce products.
          • Toxic products diffuse out the cell and into the tissue fluid altering the cells environment.
        • Cells internal environment is maintained by blood flow.
    • Coordination
      • Multicellular organisms require a good communication system
        • This ensures different parts of the body work together effectively
        • A good communication system will do several things
          • Cover the whole body
          • enable cells to communicate with each other
          • enable specific communication
          • enable rapid communication
          • enable both short and long term responses
    • Cell Signalling
      • The process in which one cell will release a chemical to be detected by another
      • Two major systems of communication that work by cell signalling
        • The Neuronal system is an interconnected network of neurones
          • signal eachother across synapse junctions
          • Can conduct signals very quickly and enable rapid responses.
        • The Hormonal system uses the blood to transport its signals
          • Cells in an endocrine organ release hormones directly into the blood.
            • The hormone is carried all over the body but only recognised by soecific target cells.

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