11 - Economic Development in the reign of Henry VIII
- Created by: Becca Newman
- Created on: 04-02-20 10:45
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- Economic Development in the reign of Henry VIII
- Trade
- 1600-1650 trade increased
- Rise in cloth exports, raw wool market declined
- Woollen cloth exports almost doubled in Henry's reign
- Increases in hides + tins exports
- Increase in wine import
- Spending of upper classes increased
- Rise in cloth exports, raw wool market declined
- Most common export route was London to Antwerp
- Meant other ports (bristol, Hull + Boston) were used less
- Southampton's trade had a short-term boom + especially with Venice
- Increase in cheaper fabrics such as Kersey (coarse woollen cloth)
- 70% of cloth exports were transported by English merchants but a lot of trade was in foreign hands before this
- Woollen industry grew
- It operated larely domestically with children, women and men playing a role in it's production.
- Greatest growth was in Yorkshire, East Anglia + West Country.
- It operated larely domestically with children, women and men playing a role in it's production.
- Serious profits were made by entrepreneurial clothiers
- Mining industries
- Cornish tin remained a prize export
- Lead mining became more important
- 1600-1650 trade increased
- Exploration
- Henry was uninterested
- Msde no attempts to build on his father's success
- Merchants found interest in exploration but couldn't get royal revenue for it
- Sebastian Cabot remained in Spain and only returned when Edward was on the throne
- Henry was uninterested
- Prosperity and Depression
- John Guy - 'England was economically healthier'
- From 1525 population grew significantly + decline in mortality
- 1520s agricultural prices rose significantly - an increase in farming incomes
- Engrossing (joining 2 or more farms together) helped this
- Debasement caused a short term artificial boom 1544-46
- 1520s agricultural prices rose significantly - an increase in farming incomes
- From 1525 population grew significantly + decline in mortality
- England was not economically healthier
- Bad harvests - temporary rise in food prices (they almost doubled)
- Real wages began to decline for many
- Considerable urban poverty
- Over 5000 migrants a year + growing unemployment amongst rural labourers
- Engrossing caused homelessness
- Over 5000 migrants a year + growing unemployment amongst rural labourers
- Considerable urban poverty
- Real wages began to decline for many
- Bad harvests - temporary rise in food prices (they almost doubled)
- Impact of enclosure
- Created a moral problem as people had to leave their homes
- Thomas More's book 'Utopia' listed the harmful social effects of enclosure
- Legislation against enclosure was passed in 1489 + 1515
- It failed to grasp the extent of the issue
- 1517 Wolsey launched an enclosure investigation
- 188 people were found to have enclosed illegally
- The bulk of the damage had happened before 1485
- Further legislation in 1534
- Created a moral problem as people had to leave their homes
- Population
- Population increase was the main cause of economic distress
- Put a strain on food supplies
- Wahes weren't increasing with a lot of cheap labour
- Agricultural prices + farming income increased
- John Guy argued 'agricultural improvement promoted economic growth at the cost of peasant distress'
- Society became polarised - undermined traditional ideas of social responsibility
- Rich became richer, poor became poorer
- The rich assumed the poor were poor because of idleness
- Lead to stricter measures taken against vagrancy + begging
- John Guy - 'England was economically healthier'
- Trade
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