10. Self-confidence and its impact on performance and participation and in raising self-esteem

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  • Self-confidence and its impact on performance and participation and in raising self-esteem
    • Self-confidence
      • Self-esteem refers to a consistent degree of confidence that a person displays across a wide range of situations
      • Self-confidence describes a general disposition which is both stable and global
      • It influences motivation and determined the decision to participate in a chosen physical activity
      • BANDURA
        • As participants become competent in specific skills they develop a positive self-belief that they can excel in a particular skill
        • A person who has acquired this self-belief is said to have high self-efficacy
    • Self-efficacy
      • This is a specific type of self confidence
      • Relates to a person's perception of their ability
      • It tends to be unstable and changeable
      • BANDURA
        • People with high self-efficacy tend to adopt approach behaviour
        • Those with high self-efficacy also tend to attribute success to internal factors
        • These attributions increase confidence and increase expectation of future success
      • People with low self-efficacy tend to adopt avoidance behaviour
      • Those with low self-efficacy tend to attribute success to external factors and failure to internal factors
      • These attributions reduce expectation of future success and induce learned helplessness
      • The level of self-efficacy determines efficacy expectations, which directly influence the choice and commitment an individual makes regarding sporting activities
    • Self-efficacy theory
      • Efficacy expectations can be change by an input of 4 types of information
      • By applying these 4 sub-process the coach can turn negative efficacy expectations amongst performer into positive ones and therefore increase self-efficacy
      • 1. Performance accomplishment: reminders of past accomplishments increases self-efficacy as its based on personal mastery experiences
      • 2. Vicarious experiences: Watching others of equal ability perform the skill successfully develops confidence
      • 3. Verbal persuasion: Positive talk attempts to increase self-belief  and reassure the performer
      • 4. Control of arousal: The evaluation the performer makes of their internal feelings and  physiological state
    • High self-efficacy is essential at the elite stage of performance
    • High self-efficacy is equally important amongst those pursuing a health, active lifestyle at a recreational level
    • DISHMAN ET AL
      • The degree of self-efficacy is the major motivating factor that encourages engagement in fitness activites
    • McAULEY
      • If people can develop high self-efficacy expectations in relation to exercise programmes, they are more likely to persist in a healthy lifestyle by taking up physical activity

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