Groynes: -prevent longshore drift - expensive to build and maintain. Revetments: -absorb wave energy -need constant refurbishment. Sea Wall: -reflect/reduces wave energy -expensive
7 of 18
Name one soft engineering method
Managed retreat: -allows sea to flood inland until it reaches a higher land barrier OR Beach Replenishment: addition of new material to beach naturally (preserves a wide, gently sloping beach)
8 of 18
Case Study for rising sea levels (The response Project)
Ancona, East Italy
9 of 18
Method of the response project
1. Collect background info (economy, coastal hazards & defences etc.) 2. Assess risk of rising sea levels (hard/soft coastline, rates of erosion, flooding etc.) 3. Offer guidance & make decisions
10 of 18
Case Study of Shoreline Management Plan (SMP)
UK (split into sediment cells, and then sub cells)
11 of 18
Criteria and Definitions for SMP
1. Hold the line: maintain existing coastline by building defences. 2. Advance the line: build new defences seaward of exisiting. 3. Managed Retreat. 4. No Intervention
12 of 18
SMP Key Decisions
1. Where needs protection. 2. What methods to use
13 of 18
Hard Engineering Case Study
Ventnor, Isle of Wight
14 of 18
What happens at Ventnor?
the beach is narrow which allows powerful storm waves to cause abrasion
15 of 18
Name and explain one (of the 3) type of erosion
Abrasion: Waves throw pebbles and cliff face, eroding it. OR Attrition: Force of waves causes sediment to crash into each other and break down OR Hydraulic Action: Force of waves compresses air in cracks in cliffs which causes pressure
16 of 18
Name and explain one (of the 2) type of weathering
Wetting and Drying: soft rock expands when wet and contracts when dry, this causes the cliff to get weaker over time OR Corrosion: certain types of rock are slowly dissolved by slightly acidic sea water
17 of 18
Explain Longshore Drift
Where the prevailing wind causes swash to move diagonally and backwash moves at a right angle to the sand
18 of 18
Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
-identify ways it's put under pressure - recommend solutions -put them into place and test them
Back
Method of ICZM
Card 3
Front
-growing industry - development (hotels etc.) -20 countries
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