AS Business Studies F292 (People in organisations) 4.5 / 5 based on 4 ratings ? Business StudiesASOCR Created by: MichelleCreated on: 14-05-13 13:05 What is labour turnover? The percentage of the workforce that leaves a business within a given period (normally 1 year) 1 of 31 How do you work out labour turnover? number of employee leaving the business in a time period / average number employed in a time period (x100) 2 of 31 What factors may affect labour turnover? Type of business, working conditions, poor recruitment 3 of 31 What are problems of a high labour turnover? Costs, training, recruiting 4 of 31 How can a business improve the level of labour turnover? Effective recruitment, effective training, promotion 5 of 31 What is motivation? The forces that encourage and drive people to work hard 6 of 31 What are the 5 theories of motivation? Taylor, Mayo, Herzberg, McGregor, Maslow 7 of 31 Describe the Tayloe theory Scientific management - employees like machines, pay on piece rates and control&direction of workforce 8 of 31 Describe the Mayo theory Human relations management - Hawthorne effect, working conditions changed to improve productivity 9 of 31 Describe the Herzberg theory Two-factor theory - Motivators, hygiene/maintenance factors 10 of 31 Describe the McGregor theory Theory X and Theory Y - Theory X: money motivates, Theory Y: job satisfaction motivates 11 of 31 Describe the Maslow theory Hierachy of needs - physiological needs, security needs 12 of 31 Methods of motivation - What is personnel performance indicators A method of assessing how content the workforce is 13 of 31 Give examples of personnel performance indicators -Absenteeism - Labour turnover - Productivity of labour 14 of 31 What is job enrichment? Offering a range of tasks to an employee n order to add interest to the job 15 of 31 What is job rotation? Offering a range of jobs within a work station 16 of 31 Define enpowerment Delegation f a task and the decision-making process about how the task is done 17 of 31 What are piece rates? A system of payment linked to output 18 of 31 What are the 2 different types of leadership? Autocratic and democratic leadership 19 of 31 What is autocratic leadership? The leader takes all major decisions and there is little or no worker involvment 20 of 31 What is democratic leadership? Delegation of the decision-making process allows the workforce to be involved and therefore increases motivation 21 of 31 What is laissez-faire leadership? The leader has little or no input in the decision-making process and the workforce is left without proper guidance 22 of 31 What is paternalistic leadership? Although there are examples of consultation, the leader decides what is best for the workforce 23 of 31 Describe the management grid An analytical tool that highlights a range of management styles from leadership centred to group centred 24 of 31 What are management objectives? Management on the basis of an agreed set of objectives 25 of 31 What factors affect the style of leadership? Personality of the leadership, skills of the leader, size of the business 26 of 31 What is an organisational structure? The way in which a business is orgnised 27 of 31 What is span of control? The number of employees for whom a manager is responsible 28 of 31 What is chain of command? The way in which responsibility for employees is organised within a business. 29 of 31 What is delayering in the Hierarchy? Reducing the number of levels in the hierarchy of an organisation 30 of 31 What is a centralised structure? The decision-making process is undertaken by the leader at the top of the hierachy 31 of 31
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