EDEXCEL HISTORY International Relations

Just a bunch of flashcards to help with the GCSE Edexcel History exam, studying section 1 (but with a few dates from the other sections too!) I hope you find it helpful (Modern World History, International Relations)  

?
When was the Triple Alliance signed?
1882
1 of 110
When did the Kaiser decide he would build 41 battleships and 61 cruisers?
1898
2 of 110
When was the Entente Cordiale signed?
1904
3 of 110
When was the Triple Entente signed?
1907
4 of 110
When was the Algeciras Conference held?
1906
5 of 110
When was the Agadir crisis?
1911
6 of 110
From 1906-1914, how many Dreadnoughts did Germany and Britain build?
Germany 17 & Britain 29
7 of 110
By 1914 how many were in the German army?
1.5 million
8 of 110
When did Serbia and Bulgaria leave the Ottoman Empire?
1878
9 of 110
When was the London conference where Austria-Hungary, Britain and France sought peace?
1913
10 of 110
When was Franz Ferdinand assassinated?
June 1914
11 of 110
When did Austria-Hungary give Serbia the unreasonable demands?
23 July
12 of 110
When did Austria-Hungary declare war on Serbia?
28 July
13 of 110
When did Germany declare war on Russia?
1 August
14 of 110
When did France join the war?
2 August
15 of 110
When did Britain join the war?
4 August
16 of 110
When did Germany say it could not make any more reparation payments?
1922 (for 1923 & 1924)
17 of 110
When were reparations reduced?
In the Dawes Plan (1924)
18 of 110
For how long were the Saar coalfieds put under French control?
15 years
19 of 110
When was the Treaty of St Germain?
1919
20 of 110
When was the Treaty of Trianon?
1920
21 of 110
When was the Treaty of Neuilly?
1919
22 of 110
When was the Treaty of Sèvres?
1920
23 of 110
When was the Treaty of Lausanne?
1923
24 of 110
When was the Locarno Pact?
1925
25 of 110
When was the Kellogg-Briand pact?
1928
26 of 110
When was the Wall Street Crash in USA?
October 1929
27 of 110
By 1929, the Japanese population was over...
65 million
28 of 110
When was the Mukden Crisis?
1931
29 of 110
After the Lytton Inquiry, which other Chinese province did Japan invade?
Jehol
30 of 110
When did Italy invade Abyssinia?
October 1935
31 of 110
When did Britain and France make the 'secret' Hoare-Laval pact?
1935
32 of 110
When was the Rome-Berlin Axis signed?
1936
33 of 110
When did Hitler introduce conscription?
1935
34 of 110
When were German troops sent back into the Rhineland?
1936
35 of 110
When did German troops take over Austria? (Anschluss)
1938
36 of 110
When was the Munich Conference?
September 1938
37 of 110
When did Hitler invade the rest of Czechoslovakia?
March 1939
38 of 110
When did Britain and France promise Poland military aid if they were invaded?
March 1939
39 of 110
When did Germany form a military alliance with Italy?
1939
40 of 110
When was the Nazi-Soviet Pact formed between Germany and the USSR?
August 1939
41 of 110
When did Germany invade Poland?
1 September 1939
42 of 110
When did Britain, France and Germany declare war?
3 September 1939
43 of 110
What is militarism? (also known as the 'Arms Race')
Making a strong army and navy (gave the will and power to go to war). This made other nations agressive
44 of 110
What is imperialism?
The desire to conquer colonies (especially in Africa!)
45 of 110
What is nationalism?
The belief your country is better than others and that nations should rule themselves
46 of 110
What are the alliances?
The Triple Entente (1882) and the Triple Entente (1907) obviously!
47 of 110
What was the Schlieffen Plan?
The Germans would attack through Belgium. Then defeat France (before Russia had time to arm itself) and attack Russia
48 of 110
What was meant by 'a war on two fronts' for Germany?
Fighting France in the West and Russia in the East
49 of 110
When did Kaiser Wilhelm come to the throne?
1887
50 of 110
When did Britain promise to defend Belgium if attacked?
1839
51 of 110
When did France form the Entente Cordiale with Britain?
1904
52 of 110
When did France form the Dual Entente with Russia?
1894
53 of 110
What was France's 'Plan 17'?
They would charge straight into Germany through Champagne
54 of 110
When was the Franco-Prussian war?
1870-71
55 of 110
When Prussia (in Germany) won the Franco-Prussian war, what did they take from France
The provinces of Alsace and Lorraine
56 of 110
When was the Russo-Japanese war? Who won it?
1905, Japan
57 of 110
Who wanted to take land from the Ottomans?
Russia and Austria Hungary
58 of 110
When and by whom was Germany unified (brought together)?
18 January 1871, German chancellor Otto Von Bismarck
59 of 110
How much did France have to pay Germany after the Franco-Prussian war?
200 million francs
60 of 110
Why did Germany agree to the Triple Alliance (1882) AND an alliance with Russia (1887)?
So France would have no allies in which to fight Germany with in the future
61 of 110
Why did Britain want to maintain peace?
So its huge empire wouldn't be threatened
62 of 110
How did the Dual Entente (1894) come about?
Germany failed to renew its agreement with Russia so it turned to France
63 of 110
What was the Entente Cordiale?
An agreement not to fight over colonies
64 of 110
Why were colonies important?
They provided cheap, raw materials. Home-produced goods could also be sold at these places
65 of 110
Why was Egypt important to Britain?
The Suez Canal was a shortcut from the Med. to the Red Sea (British ships didn't need to sail round Africa to get to India and the Far East)
66 of 110
Why were Britain and France worried about Germany's hope of 'a place in the sun'?
They knew German expansion would be a threat to their overseas empires and colonies
67 of 110
Why did the Kaiser make a speech supporting Morocco's independence? (1905)
1. He knew France wanted to take control of Morocco 2. To test the strength of the Entente Cordiale
68 of 110
Why did Britain and other countries support France at the Algeciras Conference (1906)?
They said although Morocco was independent, France had 'special rights' in the country
69 of 110
What was the consequence of the Algeciras Conference?
Britain now agreed to send troops to France if it was attacked by Germany
70 of 110
When was there a rebellion against the sultan of Morocco?
1911
71 of 110
What did France do about the uprising?
1. Send in troops to wipe it out 2. Use the rebellion as an excuse to take over Morocco
72 of 110
Why did France offer compensation after taking over Morocco?
Many countries would have moaned about their trade being affected
73 of 110
How did the Kaiser try and threaten the French? What happened?
Germany sent a gunboat (the Panther) to Agadir, but Britain stood by its frie
74 of 110
Why did Wilhelm eventually accept French control of Morocco?
David Lloyd George (British Prime Minister) threatened to go to war if Britain continued to bully France
75 of 110
What did Germany recieve in compensation from France?
100,000 square miles of the French Congo (mostly worthless jungle and swamps)
76 of 110
In which year did Britain beat France at the Battle of Trafalgar? (From then on they had the strongest navy in the world)
1805
77 of 110
Why did Germany want a large navy?
1. To defend itself 2. To protect its growing overseas trade
78 of 110
Why was Britain alarmed that Germany wanted a large navy?
It only had a small coastline
79 of 110
When was the first British Dreadnought built?
1906
80 of 110
When did Germany build its first Dreadnought?
1908
81 of 110
'We want eight and we won't wait!' Between which years did Britain build 8 Dreadnoughts?
1910 and 1911
82 of 110
In what sense was building up armed forces a way to prevent war?
By balancing forces with that of any enemy, it made them less likely to attack
83 of 110
By 1914, what was Germany producing more of than Britain?
Iron, steel and cars
84 of 110
Why were Britain and France worried about Germany?
Britain - Germany's expanding navy France - Germany's ken interest in colonies
85 of 110
When did Greece win independence from the Ottoman Empire?
1832
86 of 110
Why did Britain, France and Italy get involved in the Balkans?
They wanted to make sure their trade in the Mediteranean was not interrupted
87 of 110
What did Franz Joseph (Habsburg Emperor - Austria Hungary) want to stop the growth of?
Nationalism
88 of 110
Why was Franz Joseph worried about 6 million Serbs living in Austria-Hungary wanting to unite with Serbia?
Austria-Hungary was against Slav independence
89 of 110
Why did Russia want to establish pro-Russian governments in the Balkans?
They wanted to use the Balkan ports to get to the Mediterranean
90 of 110
What were the Dardanelles?
A narrow strait in Turkey the Russian ships had to go down to reach the Mediteranean (could easily be cut off by Turkey)
91 of 110
When did Bulgaria rise up against the Ottoman Empire?
1876
92 of 110
Why did Russia send troops to fight on the side of the Bulgarian rebels?
Russia wanted to gain influence in the Balkans and they liberated Bulgaria in 1878
93 of 110
Why did Russia want to promote Slav nationalism?
To help the Slavs win freedom from the Ottomans
94 of 110
When was it agreed Austria-Hungary should run Bosnia-Herzegovina?
1878
95 of 110
Why did Austria-Hungary agree to administer Bosnia-Herzegovina?
Because they didn't want the Serbian people there to join with Serbia
96 of 110
3 reasons Austria-Hungary got involved with the Ottomans?
1. They didn't want more independent countries 2. They didn't want to see Russia expand 3. They wanted to support Ottoman control
97 of 110
When did the 'Young Turks' overthrow the sultan?
1908 (the Bosnian Crisis)
98 of 110
Why was Austria Hungary worried about the reform of Turkey?
They thought that the Ottomans may try to recover Bosnia-Herzegovina
99 of 110
When did Austria-Hungary formally ANNEXE (take over) Bosnia-Herzegovina?
September 1908
100 of 110
3 reasons for tension in the Balkans?
1. Bosnia-Herzegovina was still technically Ottoman territory 2. Russia hated the increase in Habsburg (AH) power 3. Serbia was angry because they wanted BH Serbs in Serbia
101 of 110
Who considered war in the Bosnian Crisis but knew they would get no support and threats from Germany?
Russia
102 of 110
What were the 2 consequences of the Bosnian Crisis?
1. Serbia and Russia were determined to win their next fight 2. The Black Hand was formed
103 of 110
Who was in the Balkan League and when did they start a war?
Serbia Greece, Bulgaria and Montenegro. 1912
104 of 110
When did the Young Turks lose power?
1911
105 of 110
Why did Austria-Hungary fear Ottoman decline after the Balkan League pushed them nearly out of Europe?
They worried that uprisings would cause a nationalism growth
106 of 110
How did the first Balkan War end?
It was agreed that a peace treaty would be drawn up at a London conference
107 of 110
How is the second Balkan War different to the first?
In the first war, the Balkan countries fought against the Ottomans, but now everyone argued about what they had won before. Bulgaria fought against former allies and Russia tried to win land from Bulgaria
108 of 110
Results of the Balkan Wars?
Greece, Romania and Serbia won new territory. The Ottoman Empire was confirmed as ending & they lost all European possessions. Serbia was he most powerful but dissatisfied country (Serbia ceased to be landlocked but AH stole the land back from it)
109 of 110
Serbia feared that they would have to go to war with...
Austria
110 of 110

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

When did the Kaiser decide he would build 41 battleships and 61 cruisers?

Back

1898

Card 3

Front

When was the Entente Cordiale signed?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

When was the Triple Entente signed?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

When was the Algeciras Conference held?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

Comments

No comments have yet been made

Similar History resources:

See all History resources »See all Russia 1905-1941 resources »