The relative frequency of a particular allele in a population's gene pool
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Define species?
(1) A group of closely relative organisms that can interbreed to produce a fertile off-spring. (2) A group of organisms where the genes can flow between individuals.
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What is natural selection?
The act of allele being selected and passed on or not selected and removed from a population's gene pool in favour of the population so it can evolve/produce a new species.
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Define gene pool?
The total number of genes of every individual of an interbreeding population.
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What is speciation?
The formation of a new species through natural selection causing evolution
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What is the difference between sympatric and allopatric speciation?
Sympatric speciation occurs without a geographical barrier to interbreeding while allopatric speciation occurs due to a geographical barrier that prevents interbreeding.
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What causes sympatric speciation?
A random mutation in a population that causes there to be a reproductive barrier within some individuals so they can only breed together. The sub-group can evolve to create a new species.
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What causes allopatric speciation?
Each group evolves differently to their surroundings creating separate gene pools. Over time the different off spring evolves into a different species.
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Name the 5 types of pre-zygotic reproductive barriers (can be a cause of sympatric speciation)?
Habitat, temporal, mechanical, behavioural and geometric isolation.
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Name the 3 types of post-zygotic reproductive barriers (can be a cause of sympatric speciation)?
(1) A group of closely relative organisms that can interbreed to produce a fertile off-spring. (2) A group of organisms where the genes can flow between individuals.
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