Geography AQA


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  • Created by: Pumzy
  • Created on: 26-04-14 23:12
Ageing population
Increasing percentage of old people (aged 65 and over)
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Agri-business
Type of farming that is run as a big business (no longer way of life)
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Aid
Money, goods and expertise given by one country to another either free or at low cost
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Anticyclone
Area of high pressure
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Appropriate technology
Level in terms of size and complexity that makes it suitable for local people to use.
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Arch
Rocky opening through a headland formed by wave erosion
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Arete
Sharp-edged two-sided ridge on the top of a mountain.
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Bar
Ridge of sand or shingle across entrance to a bay or river mouth
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Beach
Sloping area of sand and shingle between the high and low water marks
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Biodiversity
Level of plant and animal variety in an ecosystem
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Boulder clay/ till
All materials deposited by ice, usually clay containing sharp-edged boulders of many sizes
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Brown earth
Uniform brown-colored soil that forms under deciduous woodlands
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Brownfield site
Area of previously built-up land that is available to be built on again
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Carbon credits
Each one gives the buyer the right to emit 1 tonne of carbon into the atmosphere
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Carbon footprint
Emission of carbon dioxide left behind by burning fossil fuels
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Carbon trading
Companies that has exceeded their carbon emission allowance buy carbon credits from those that have not
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Cave
Hollow ot the bottom of a cliff eroded by waves
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Central Business District
Urban zone located in the center mainly shops and offices
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Cliff
Steep rock outcrop along a coast
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Climate
Average weather conditions recorded at a place over many years
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Commercial trading
Type of agriculture based on growing crops or rearing livestock for sale
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Commuter
Person who travels to work in another place everyday by car or public transport
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Conflict
Oppsing views about issues, leading to debate between people about them
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Constructive wave
Gently breaking wave with a strong swash and backwash
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Continentality
Influenced of land surface on weather and climate
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Corrie
Circular hollow, high on a mountainside, surrounded by steep rocky walls except for a rock lip on the open side
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Cross profiles of river valleys
V shaped sections, changing downstream from steep to gentle
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De-industrialisation
Declining importance of manufacturing industry
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Dependency ratio
Relationship between people of working and non-workings ages
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Depression
Are of low pressure
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Destructive wave
Powerful wave with a weak swash and strong backwash
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Development
Level of economic growth and wealth of a country
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Discharge
Amount of water in a river at any one time
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Earthquake
Shaking of the ground
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Ecosystem
System in which living things (plants and animals) and physical factors (climate and soils) are linked
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Ecotourism
Involves protecting the environment and the way of life of local people
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Effects
Primary (First effects and secondary ( later effects) positive (good) and negative (bad)
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Environmental degradation
Productive land turned into wasteland by damage to the soil
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Erosion processes
Wearing away the land surface by hydraulic action, abrasion, attrition and solution
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External factor
Something unrelated to tourism, which affects tourist numbers, such as the economy,currency exchange rates, political unrest, wars and terrorism
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Fair trade
Farmers and producers in developing countries are given a fair deal by buyers in developed countries; prices paid always higher than their costs of production.
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Flooding
Water covering land that is normally dry after a river bursts its banks
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Fold mountains
Long, high mountain range formed by upfloding of sediments
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Food miles
Distance that food travels between supplier and supermarket shelf.
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Fragile environments
Place where wildlife and landscape are easily damaged by outsiders
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Function (of a settlement)
What it does, why it is there EG capital city, port, industrial center
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Functional parts (of a settlement)
Purpose of that area EG Residential, industrial, port area
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Glacial trough
U-shaped valley, with a flat floor and steep sides, formed by a valley glacier
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Global climate change
Variations in tempreture and rainfall affecting the whole world
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Global interdependence
Shared need between two or more ccountries, located anywhere in the world, for one another's goods or services
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Globalisation
Increasing importance of international operations for people and companies
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Gorge
Steep narrow valley. with rocky sides
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Gross National Income (GNI)
Total income of the country, divided by the number of inhabitants, to give average income per person.
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Gross National Product (GNP)
Total value of all goods and services produced by people and companies in the country in one year.
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Hanging valley
Tributary valley, high above the main valley floor, with a waterfall
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Hard engineering strategies
Strong construction methods to hold floodwater back or keep it out
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Hazard
Natural hazards are short-term events that threaten lives and property
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Hazard (Climatic)
Short-term weather event that threatens lives and property
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Human development index (HDI)
Is a measure of peoples quality of life using more than one measure of development, based on life expectancy, education and standard of living
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Ice sheet
Moving mass of ice that covers all the land over a wid area
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Igneous rock
Rock formed by volcanic activity, from magma that has cooled
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Industrialisation
Growth and increasing importance of manufacturing industry (making goods)
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Inequalities in wealth
Unfair difference/big gaps in income and development between different countries or between regions/different groups of people within a country
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Informal sector
Not regular paid employment; unofficial work, often self-help small-scale services such as street sellers and shoe seller
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Type of farming that is run as a big business (no longer way of life)

Back

Agri-business

Card 3

Front

Money, goods and expertise given by one country to another either free or at low cost

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

Area of high pressure

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

Level in terms of size and complexity that makes it suitable for local people to use.

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
View more cards

Comments

nadera

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this was really helpful. thank you so much. you helped today in my class and I'm so happy that your making these notes for other people. it was very useful and helpful.

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