Keywords: Genetics

Genotype - the genetic composition of an organism.

Phenotype - the characteristics of an organism, usually visible, which are resulting from its genotype and the environment. For example, a phenotype would be ‘blue eyes’ or ‘brown hair’.

Gene - a section of DNA which codes for a specific polypeptide.

Allele - one form of a gene.

Homologous Chromosomes - a pair of chromosomes which have the same gene loci and determine the same features.

Dominant - an allele which will always be expressed in a phenotype.

Recessive - an allele which will never be expressed unless paired with another recessive allele.

Heterozygous - two different alleles which make up a gene (Dd).

Homozygous - two…