unit 3 health and social

• Fats- UNSATURATED AND SATURATED
• Carbohydrates
• Protein
• Fibre
• Vitamins and minerals
• Water

Protein- Made up of amino acids (essential)

• Growth of body tissue
• Muscle
• Hair
• Nails
• Brain
• Skin/organs
• Blood growth
• Bone

Carbohydrates- made for energy to do everyday things

• not as high as fats
• starch and sugars
• healthy and unhealthy ways
• Sugars (fast burners)
• Bannanas, potatoes bread, biscuits, cakes chocolates
• Calories or CaKl
• Starch (slow burner)

Fats- concentrated source of energy)

• Saturated (solidifies at room temp)- Found in ANIMALS
• Unsaturated (stays liquid at room temp)- Found in VEGETABLES

Fibre

• Cellulose (form of carbohydrate) in plant cells
• Cant break this up in our digestive system
• Comes out as faeces
• Stops us from becoming constipated

Vitamins and minerals- needed to maintain health

• Vitamin A- Found in liver, helps bones and teeth- oesteoparosis if lacked, dry skin, low energy
• Vitamin B- found in wholegrain, eggs, pork,liver,- helps nerve production
• Vitamin C- Found in citrus fruits, tomatoes, green veg- helps skin healing, holds growth back, helps immune system

 15 MINERALS:

• CALCIUM found in dairy products, egg yolk, green leafy veg
• IRON- red meats, liver, beans, fruits, nuts, combined in most foods- helps cell respiration lack of can cause enemia
• ZINC- Meats, production of enzymes can lead to dermititus.
• COPPER- fish, liver, eggs, spinach help componants of Iron

High Blood pressure-

• increase in heart beat or cholestrol- Damges blood vessels can burst in the brain and Kidneys.
• 25% of harmful cholestrol-- from foods
• 75% of harmful cholestrol--stress hormones

Low immune system

• Short term- likely to pick up viruses easier
• Long term- reduced ability to fight a disease such as cancer

Digestive system problems

• Short term- Constipated, diarreah
• Long term-IBS

Short term problems:

• Headaches
• anxiety
• skin rashes
• Over/under eating
• Forgetfulness
• Aggression/frustration
• Increased use of smoking/alchol
• Mild depression

Long term problems:

• Strokes
• Diabetes
• Ulcers (stomach)
• Heart disease
• Suicudal behaviour
• Domestic violence
• Achoholism
• Serious depression

Health Monitoring

• Peak flow- ASTMA
• Blood test- diabetes- blood sugar
• Urine test-Bladder infection
• BMI- obese/underweight
• Body temp- not 37 degrees- problems in immune system
• BP and pulse rate- heart disease

Screening

• Smear test- cervical cancer
• Mammogram-breast cancer
• Heal ***** test- brain damage in babies

Immunisation

• helps the immune system
• Prevents someone from becoming ill with a certain disease
• Boosters are often needed

Body mass index is a measurement that is took, that takes into account both height and weight. This will indicate whether a person in normal/over/under weight

BMI= MASS (KG) / HEIGHT/M*M

below 20- UNDERWEIGHT

20-25- IDEAL

25.1-30- OVERWEIGHT

ABOVE 30- OBESE

This is when a parents genes are passed on to their child, in their chromosomes.

• eye colour
• Hair colour
• skin colour
• height
• weight
• colourblind?
• breast cancer
• heart disease
• anxiety

DOWN SYNDROME

• Not socially aware
• Chromosone disorder, one extra chromosone number 21, so instead of 2 they get 3 on this number
• It can be recognised in the early stages of preganancy

PKU

• Body fails to produce enzymes in the digestive system
• Babies are tested for this by a blood sample taken from the heel of the foot

Huntingtons disease

• causes death of nerve cells to the brain
• Inherited

 Heamophilia

• Blood disorder- blood does not clot as easily, this could cause death

Finance/Money

• Housing-Homelessness-Afford repairs
• Food-Lack of food- Fresh food costs more
• Bills-Heating-water-gas
• Clothing-weather wear- keep warm/dry
• Transport-School- work
• Leisure activities- PE- PIES

Absolute poverty

• Lack of food
• Poor housing
• Lack of clothing

Relative poverty

• Poor in relation to others
• not being able to afford things such as phone, laptop, car etc

POVERTY HAS AN IMPACT ON CHILDREN

A preganant woman cannot afford the nurticians she may need this may lead to premature labour, lower birth weight.

Diet

• Unable to buy fresh food-
• malnutrition
• Obesity- high cholestrol
• Lack of protein and vitamins
• Saturated fats

Housing

• Damp-colds flu's, imapct on immune system
• Hot water-Hygeine
• Nhs- other countries have to pay

Lifestyle

• Poorer people tend to engage in smoking and drinking

Lack of education

• obstacle to access health and social services

Unemployment

• catch 22 situation
• effects ill health if unemployed
• less likely to get a job when ill
• effects mental health

If we dont exercise problems can occur:

• Cardio vascular
• Obesity
• Osteoparosis- calcium deficiancy

Exercise improves:

• Ciruculations
• heart work more efficinently
• Strength in muscles
• Stamina
• Mobility
• Immunity
• Confidence
• Relieve stress
• General feeling of well being
• Good way to socialise

Aerobic exercise

• Walking jogging and swimming
• Heart and breathing rates increase
• Increase heart rate by 70% of its max- 220beatspm minus the persons age.
• Exercising above the safe rate can be dangerous.
• Injur bones, muscles, tendons etc

Anerobic exercise- Building muscle

• Weightlifting is an example.
• Doesnt benefit the heart or lungs

Circulation- blood carries red blood cells and white blood cells

• Cannabis
• LSD
• Heroin
• Ecstacy
• Cocaine
• Crack
• Amphetamines
• Solvents

Depressant- A drug that slows down bodily function

Hallucinegeon- seeing things that are not really there

Stimulant- this increases a persons awareness