1) 1832 Reform Act - vote to upper middle class - unfair not all adults could vote
2) Urbanisation - growing industrial cities needed more MPs
3) New Middle Class - business men were the masters of Britainm, therefore should vote.
4) White collar workers - now educated, National Reform Union & Reform League
5) Influence from abroad - US civil war and Italy's struggle for democracy. Fear of French Revolution.
6) Political self-interest.
7) Threat of Disturbances
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