C2 Rates of Reaction

1. TEMPERATURE

Increasing the temperature, makes the rate of reaction faster.

• energy is increased, faster moving particles
• more frequent collisions
• more energy in each collision
• more succesful collisions

2. CONCENTRATION (liquids) and PRESSURE (gases)

Increasing the concentration/pressure, makes the rate of reaction faster.

• more reascting particles
• more frequent collisions
• more successful collisions

3. SURFACE AREA

Increasing the surface area, makes the rate of reaction faster.

How = grind reactants up into smaller pieces

• more reacting particles exposed
• more freuent collisions
• more successful collisions

4. ADD A CATALYST

Adding a catalyst, makes the rate of reaction faster.

Catalysts are not used up in chemical reactions

• the catalyst lowers the activation energy (energy required for reaction to take place)
• more successful collisions

MEASURING RATES

1. Producing gases - for example

• measure the volume produced every 30 seconds
• measure the mass every minute

For 2 marks, name what you're measuring and the time