Rocks

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  • Rocks
    • limestone landscapes
      • surface features
        • swallow hole
          • weathered holes on the surface that are sometimes entrances to caverns
        • limestone pavement
          • flat areas of limestone with grykes (cracks) and clints (raised areas)
        • limestone gorge
          • steep sided gorge formed when caverns collapse
        • Resurgent river
          • limestone is permeable so rivers can flow through it. When underground rivers hit impermeable rock they form a resurgence
      • underground features
        • cavern
          • form beneath swallow holes where the limestone has been deeply weathered
        • pillar
          • when stalactites and stalagmites grow so big that they meet in the middle
        • limestone curtain
          • formed from cacite dripping from the cavern roof
        • stalactite
          • formed from cacite dripping from the cavern roof
        • stalagmite
          • formed when calcite lands on cavern floors
    • Granite landscapes
      • tors
      • moorland
    • chalk and clay landscapes
      • chalk escaprment
        • chalk and clay lie diagonally on top of one another. Chalk is more resistant than clay, so clay is eroded faster leaving the chalk to stick out in hills
      • clay vale
        • chalk and clay lie diagonally on top of one another. Chalk is more resistant than clay, so clay is eroded faster leaving the chalk to stick out in hills
      • dip slope
        • scarp slope
          • spring line
            • clay is impermeable so when the water stored in chalk meets it, it springs up on to the surface
          • aquifier
            • chalk is permeable and stores water underground

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