Physics P2 Summary
- Created by: Crystal Blue ♥
- Created on: 17-01-13 17:17
View mindmap
- Physics P2
- Velocity and Distance-Time graphs
- Speed= How FAST you are going
- Velocity= The DIRECTION you are going
- Speed= Distance / Time
- Gradient=Speed
- Calculating gradient: Speed= gradient= vertical / horizontal
- Acceleration
- Acceleration= Change in velocity / Time taken
- Acceleration=gradient= vertical change / horizontal change
- Weight, Mass and Gravity
- Weight= mass x gravitational field strength
- Weight = Caused by the pull of the gravitational force.
- Mass= Amount of 'stuff' in an object
- Gravity= 10N/kg
- Resultant Forces
- Overall force on a point or object
- Forces have to balance
- Change in velocity
- Forces and Acceleration
- If the resultant force on an object that is stationary is zero, it will remain stationary
- If there is no resultant force on a moving object it'll just carry on moving at the same velocity
- If there is a non-zero resultant force, the object will accelerate in the direction of the force
- Force= mass x acceleration
- When two objects interact, they exert opposite and equal forces
- Frictional force and Terminal Velocity
- Friction slows things down
- Drag increases as the speed increases
- Objects falling through fluids reach a Terminal Velocity
- Terminal Velocity of an object depends on shape and area
- Stopping Distances
- Factors affecting Thinking Distance
- Factors affecting Braking Distance
- Stopping Distances
- Factors affecting Thinking Distance
- Factors affecting Braking Distance
- Speed
- How good your brakes are
- How good the tyres are
- How good the grip is
- Speed
- Whether you are under the influence of drugs
- Factors affecting Braking Distance
- Factors affecting Thinking Distance
- Speed
- How good your brakes are
- How good the tyres are
- How good the grip is
- Stopping Distances
- Speed
- Whether you are under the influence of drugs
- Factors affecting Braking Distance
- Factors affecting Thinking Distance
- Work and Potential Energy
- When a force moves an object through a distance, energy is transferred and Work is Done
- Work Done= Force x Distance
- Gravitational Potential Energy= mass x g x height
- Kinetic Energy
- Kinetic Energy= 1/2 x mass x speed2
- Kinetic energy transferred= Work done by brakes
- Kinetic energy GAINED = Potential Energy LOST
- Falling objects convert Ep into Ek
- Power
- Power= Work Done (or energy transferred) / Time taken
- Watts
- Momentum and Collisions
- Momentum= mass x velocity
- Momentum before = Momentum after
- Car Design and safety
- Crumple Zones:
- Side Impact Bars
- Seat belts
- Air Bags
- Static Electricity
- Van der Graff
- Like charges repel, Opposite charges attract
- Only the electrons move - Never the positive charges
- Friction
- Current and Potential Difference
- The greater the resistance across a component, the smaller the current that flows
- Current= Charge / Time
- Potential difference = Work done / Charge
- Circuits
- Ammeter
- Measures current (amps)
- Series circuit only
- Can be put anywhere in the circuit, but never parallel like the voltmeter
- Volltmeter
- Measures the P.d
- Must be placed in parallel around the component under test
- Ammeter
- Resistance
- Potential Difference= Current x Resistance
- The current through a resistor (at constant temp) is directly proportional to P.D. Different resistors have different resistances, hence the different slopes
- As the temperature of the filament increases, the resistance increases, hence the curve
- Current will only flow through a diode in one direction
- Series Circuits
- P.D is shared
- Current is same everywhere
- Resistance adds up
- Cell voltages add up
- Parallel Circuits
- P.D is the same across all components
- Current is shared between branches
- Mains Electricity
- AC
- Frequency=1 / Time Period
- Electricity in the Home
- Hazards
- Three-pin plug
- Safety features
- Fuses and Earthing
- Prevent electrical overloads
- Insulating materials make appliances Double Insulated
- RCCB
- Energy and Power in circuits
- Energy Transferred= Power rating x time
- Power and Energy change
- Power= Current x Potential difference
- Energy transformed= Charge x Potential differencc
- Atomic structure
- Rutherfordand Marsden Scattering experiment
- Atoms and Ionisation
- Background radiation
- Alpha, Beta and Gamma
- Half Life
- The average time it takes for the number of nuclei in a radioactive isotope sample to halve
- / 2
- Radiation
- Uses of Radiation
- Smoke detectors (Alpha)
- Tracers (Short life Beta or Gamma)
- Radiotherapy (Gamma)
- Sterilising ood and surgical instruments
- Uses of Radiation
- Nuclear Fission
- The splitting of big atomic nuclei
- Nuclear Fusion
- The joing of small atomic nuclei
- The life cycle of stars
- Stars same size as sun
- Red Giant
- White Dwarf
- Stars bigger than the sun
- Red Super Giant
- Supernova
- Neutron Star
- Black Hole
- Planetary Nebula
- Protostar
- Main Sequence Star
- Stars same size as sun
- Velocity and Distance-Time graphs
- Static Electricity
- Van der Graff
- Like charges repel, Opposite charges attract
- Only the electrons move - Never the positive charges
- Friction
- Energy Transferred= Power rating x time
Comments
Report
Report
Report