muscular system

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  • muscular system
    • muscles
      • quadriceps
      • triceps
      • latissimus dorsi
      • deltoid
      • gastrocnemius
      • pectorals
      • gluteus maximus
    • functions of muscles
      • movement
        • enables us to move our body parts
      • heat
        • generate body heat when they contract
      • circulation
        • help in the circulation of blood
      • posture
        • maintain a good posture
    • types of muscle
      • 3types
        • cardiac muscle
          • only found in the heart, works without conscious effort, is involuntery, adapts to training
        • smooth muscles
          • around organs eg intestine and blood vessels they work without conscious effort,involuntary, provide nutriets
        • skeletal muscles
          • are attached to bones by tendons, voluntary, under our control,make our bodies move
    • types of movement
      • flexors
        • the muscle that bends at the limb
      • extensors
        • the muscle that straightens at the limb
      • adductors
        • the muscles that move a limb towards the centre of the body
      • abductors
        • the muscle that moves a limb away from the centre of the body
    • muscle contractions
      • for muscles to cause movement they need to contract
        • isometric
        • isotonic
          • force produced with movement
          • concentric-muscle shortens
          • eccentric- muscle lengthens
    • agonist
      • muscle that causes movement
    • antagonist
      • muscle that works in opposition to the agonist
    • atrophy
      • decrease in muscle size
    • hypertrophy
      • increase in muscle size
    • cardiac muscle
      • muscle only found in the heart
    • insertion
      • point at which the muscle attaches to the moving bone
    • involuntary muscles
      • works without you telling it to
    • muscle tone
      • when your muscles are at rest but in a state of slight tension
    • origin
      • point at which muscle attaches to fixed bone
    • skeletal muscle
      • muscles attached to bones
    • voluntary muscles
      • work when you tell them too
  • hamstrings
    • muscles
      • quadriceps
      • triceps
      • latissimus dorsi
      • deltoid
      • gastrocnemius
      • pectorals
      • gluteus maximus
  • rectus abdominus
  • trapezius
    • gives us our individual shape
      • shape
        • functions of muscles
          • movement
            • enables us to move our body parts
          • heat
            • generate body heat when they contract
          • circulation
            • help in the circulation of blood
          • posture
            • maintain a good posture
    • cardiac muscle
      • only found in the heart, works without conscious effort, is involuntery, adapts to training
    • force produced without movement eg tug of war/ rugby scrum
      • isometric

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