Electromagnetic spectrum

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  • Electromagentic spectrum
    • Properties
      • Are transverse waves
      • Travel in vacuum at 3.0X10^8m/s
      • Travel same speed in vacuum but slower in mediums
      • no medium required
      • obey laws of reflection & refraction
      • transfer energy from 1 point to another
      • obey wave equation
        • v=f(lambda)
        • T=1/f
      • Carries no charge
      • Frequencies are not dependent on its medium
    • Uses of components
      • Gamma Rays
        • Cancer treatment
      • X rays
        • radiotherapy
        • radiography
        • crack detection (eg. buildings)
      • Ultraviolet rays (UV rays)
        • sunbeds
        • sterilization of medical equipment
      • Visible light
        • optical fibres in teleco- mmunication and medical instrument
      • Infra-red
        • Thermography
        • night-vision equipment
        • remote controllers
        • intruder alarms
      • Microwaves
        • in cooking (microwave ovens)
        • radar communication
      • Radio waves
        • Radio communication
        • Television communication
    • Effects on cells and tissues
      • overexposure
        • Causes sun burn / skin cancer
        • mostly uv
      • Ionizing radiation
        • Gamma rays & X-rays
        • Causes ionization of atoms or molecules
          • Damaged cells and tissues
          • Cancer
          • Premature aging
          • Shortened lifespan
    • Sequence (top: greatest frequency and energy)
      • radiowaves
        • 10^2
      • microwaves
        • 10^-2
      • infrared
        • 10^-4
      • visible light
        • 10^-7X(4-7)
          • dependent on colour
      • ultra-violet
        • 10^-8
      • x-rays
        • 10^-10
      • gamma rays
        • 10^-12
      • length

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