The Cardiovascular system

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  • Cardiovascular system
    • Functions
      • Controlling body temperature
      • Transporting substances
        • It transports oxygen, glucose, carbon dioxide, nutrients, water and waste product
      • Protecting the body
        • blood contains cells and antibodies that fight infection, and clotting agents to stop bleeding
    • The heart
      • Upper chamber
        • Atrium
      • Lower chamber
        • Ventricle
      • The left side
        • oxygenated blood
          • Comes from the lungs, goes to the body
      • Right side
        • De-oxygenated blood
          • Comes from the body, goes to the body
    • The blood
      • Contains a red-coloured compund called HAEMOGLOBIN
        • This bonds with OXGEN to form OXYHAEMOGLOBIN
    • Blood vessels
      • Arteries
        • Sends blood AWAY from the heart
      • Veins
        • Takes blood TO the heart
      • Capillaries
        • Thin for OXYGEN and CARBON DIOXIDE to DIFFUSE
    • Heart beat
      • TWO beating sounds
        • 1st = SYSTOLE
          • Made by the VENTRICLES
            • Pushing blood at high pressure into ARTERIES
        • 2nd = DIASTOLE
          • Made by the ATRIUMS
            • Pushing blood down into the VENTRICLES
    • Blood Pressure
      • REDUCING high blood pressure
        • Check weight
        • Limit alcohol
        • Dont smoke
        • Dont eat too much salt
        • Avoid stressful situations
        • Take regular exercise
      • CONTROL of blood pressure
        • Prescription drugs
          • Some drugs may increase blood pressure so people have to take ANOTHER drug to CONTROL it
    • Effects of EXERCISE on the CV systen
      • LONG TERM
        • Decreased RESTING heart rate
        • Heart recovery rate DECREASES
        • INCREASED stroke volume
        • Cardiac output INCREASES
        • Blood pressure DECREASES
        • HEALTHY veins and arteries
      • IMMEDIATE
        • Breathing is FASTER
        • Body temperature INCREASES
        • Sweating BEGINS
        • Muscles begin to ACHE
    • Effect of LIFESTYLE on the CV system
      • POSITIVE
        • Rest - essential to recovery
      • NEGATIVE
        • High cholesterol
        • Recreational drugs
        • Smoking
        • Sedentary lifestyle
        • Stress

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