sleep - life span changes
- Created by: mollskie49
- Created on: 07-06-13 18:27
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- Sleep
- lifespan changes of sleep
- infancy
- Babies sleep more - Tend to sleep 16h/day
- Sleep cycle is shorter - Immature versions of SWS and REM – quiet and active
- Half infants sleep is active REM
- Infants in early month sleep through initial period of light sleep to get to deep - 20 minutes to get to deep
- By 6 months rhythm is established
- One year – mainly sleeping at nights
- Deep sleep lengthens + reduction in amount of active REM
- Not known whether REM accompanied by dreaming because infants can’t provide reliable reports
- Deep sleep lengthens + reduction in amount of active REM
- One year – mainly sleeping at nights
- By 6 months rhythm is established
- Infants in early month sleep through initial period of light sleep to get to deep - 20 minutes to get to deep
- Half infants sleep is active REM
- Sleep cycle is shorter - Immature versions of SWS and REM – quiet and active
- adaptive mechanism babies sleep more parents can get on with chores in daytime so enhances survival
- Night waking adaptive because babies have small stomachs need to be fed regularly
- If not woken by cold or hunger so babies will die
- Amount of active REM relative to immaturity of infants brain - REM linked to production of neurotransmitters and consolidation of memories
- REM activity may present imagery to stimulate brain
- Amount of active REM relative to immaturity of infants brain - REM linked to production of neurotransmitters and consolidation of memories
- If not woken by cold or hunger so babies will die
- Night waking adaptive because babies have small stomachs need to be fed regularly
- Babies sleep more - Tend to sleep 16h/day
- childhood
- Age five kids have EEG patterns like adults
- Still sleeping more - 12h/day
- More REM activity – 30% total sleep
- Boys sleep more than girls
- Not uncommon for kids to experience variety of parasomnias eg sleep walking
- Near end of kidhood need for sleep decreases
- Not uncommon for kids to experience variety of parasomnias eg sleep walking
- Boys sleep more than girls
- More REM activity – 30% total sleep
- Still sleeping more - 12h/day
- Age five kids have EEG patterns like adults
- adolescence
- Need for sleep increases slightly to 9/10h a night
- Rhythms change - feel more awake at night and difficulty getting up (phase delay)
- Distinguishing feature of REM in males – sometimes accompanied by ejaculations and orgasms
- Rhythms change - feel more awake at night and difficulty getting up (phase delay)
- Linked to hormone production
- Hormones primarily released at night, disturbed sleeping pattern
- Delayed sleep phase syndrome – Crowley - Hormone changes upset the circadian clock
- Wolfson and Carskadon – recommend schools begin later to accommodate poor morning attention span
- Delayed sleep phase syndrome – Crowley - Hormone changes upset the circadian clock
- Hormones primarily released at night, disturbed sleeping pattern
- Need for sleep increases slightly to 9/10h a night
- adulthood and old age
- 8h a night - 25% in REM
- Childhood parasomnias now rare
- Increasing frequency of other sleep disorders eg apnoea and insomnia
- Older people have more difficulty going to sleep and wake up more frequently
- REM decreases to 20%
- Amount of SWS is reduced considerably to 5%
- Experience phase advance
- Feel sleepier earlier in the evening and waking up earlier
- Experience phase advance
- Amount of SWS is reduced considerably to 5%
- REM decreases to 20%
- Older people have more difficulty going to sleep and wake up more frequently
- Increasing frequency of other sleep disorders eg apnoea and insomnia
- Childhood parasomnias now rare
- adulthood
- Mortality risk associated w/ too much sleep
- Kripke et al – survey over 1m wo+men 6-7h sleep reduced mortality rates, 8h led to 15% increase, 10h led to 30% increase
- Co-relational data so other intervening vars e.g. Illness may lead to increased sleep
- Kripke et al – survey over 1m wo+men 6-7h sleep reduced mortality rates, 8h led to 15% increase, 10h led to 30% increase
- Mortality risk associated w/ too much sleep
- old age
- Physiological changes
- Apnoea or any other medical illness
- Deep sleep reduced so more easily awoken
- Reduced prod of growth hormone (in SWS)
- Symptoms associated are lack of energy, low bone density – van Cauter et al
- Medicines to control
- Symptoms associated are lack of energy, low bone density – van Cauter et al
- Reduced prod of growth hormone (in SWS)
- Deep sleep reduced so more easily awoken
- Apnoea or any other medical illness
- Physiological changes
- 8h a night - 25% in REM
- IDA - school later + no naps
- cultural bias
- Largely conducted with American and British samples
- Assumes no cultural influences
- Important factor: number of evenings spent outside home
- Assumes no cultural influences
- Largely conducted with American and British samples
- IDA – Developmental approach
- Lifespan approach important because recognizes sleep patterns aren’t consistent and change with age
- Led to new understanding of effects of ageing
- Lifespan approach important because recognizes sleep patterns aren’t consistent and change with age
- infancy
- lifespan changes of sleep
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